All children, without exception, love mysterious, enigmatic and unusual phenomena. Most children really like to carry out interesting experiments, some of which without turning to parents or other adults for help.
Experiments you can do with children
Not all experiences are suitable for children. Some of them can pose a danger to the life and health of children, especially preschool children. However, under the control and supervision of parents or other adults, a child can conduct any entertaining experiment - the main thing is to carefully monitor compliance with the necessary safety requirements.
All scientific experiments for children are extremely useful. They allow young inventors to visually familiarize themselves with the properties of various substances and objects, chemical compounds and much more, understand the causes of certain phenomena and gain valuable practical experience that can be applied in later life. In addition, some such experiments can be shown as magic tricks, thanks to which the child will be able to gain authority among his friends and acquaintances.
Experiments with water for children
All people use water very often in everyday life and do not think at all about the fact that it has truly magical and amazing properties. Meanwhile, this liquid can be used incredibly with children. For example, boys and girls can conduct the following experiments at home:
Experiments with fire for children
Special care should be taken with fire, but it can be used to create incredibly interesting experiments for children. Try one of the following experiments with your offspring:
Experiments with salt for children
Entertaining experiments for children can also be carried out with bulk substances, for example, salt. The kids will definitely enjoy experiments such as:
Experiments with soda for children
No less spectacular experiments for children can be carried out with baking soda, for example, "Volcano". Place a small plastic bottle on the table and make a volcano out of clay or sand around it. Pour 2 tablespoons of soda into a container, add approximately 50-70 ml of warm water, a few drops of red food coloring, and at the very end - a quarter cup of vinegar. A real volcanic eruption will happen before your eyes, and your child will be delighted.
Other experiments for children with baking soda can be based on the property of this substance to crystallize. To obtain crystals, You can use the same method as in the case of salt. To do this, you need to prepare a dense soda solution in which the bulk substance no longer dissolves, and then place a metal wire or other object there and leave it for several days in a warm place. The result will not take long to arrive.
Experiments with balloons for children
Often experiences and experiments for children are related to various properties of balloons, such as:
Experiments with eggs for children
Some interesting experiments with children can be done using chicken eggs, for example:
Experiments with lemon for children
Anything can be used to conduct experiments. Interesting experiments with lemon also deserve special attention, for example:
Experiments with paints for children
All kids love to draw, but it will be even more interesting for them to conduct entertaining experiments with paints. Try one of the following experiments:
Did you know that May 29 is Chemist's Day? Who among us in childhood did not dream of creating unique magic, amazing chemical experiments? It's time to make your dreams come true! Read on quickly and we will tell you how to have fun on Chemist Day 2017, as well as what chemical experiments for children can be easily done at home.
Home volcano
If you are not already attracted, then... Do you want to see a volcanic eruption? Try it at home! To set up a chemical experiment “volcano” you will need soda, vinegar, food coloring, a plastic glass, a glass of warm water.
Pour 2-3 tablespoons of baking soda into a plastic cup, add ¼ cup of warm water and a little food coloring, preferably red. Then add ¼ vinegar and watch the volcano “erupt”.
Rose and ammonia
A very interesting and original chemical experiment with plants can be seen in the video from YouTube:
Self-inflating balloon
Do you want to conduct safe chemical experiments for children? Then you will definitely like the balloon experiment. Prepare in advance: a plastic bottle, baking soda, a balloon and vinegar.
Pour 1 teaspoon of baking soda inside the ball. Pour ½ cup of vinegar into the bottle, then put a ball on the neck of the bottle and make sure that the soda gets into the vinegar. As a result of a violent chemical reaction, which is accompanied by the active release of carbon dioxide, the balloon will begin to inflate.
Pharaoh snake
For the experiment you will need: calcium gluconate tablets, dry fuel, matches or a gas burner. Watch the algorithm of actions on YouTube video:
Colorful magic
Do you want to surprise your child? Hurry up and conduct chemical experiments with color! You will need the following available ingredients: starch, iodine, transparent container.
Mix snow-white starch and brown iodine in a container. The result is an amazing mixture of blue.
Raising a snake
The most interesting home chemical experiments can be carried out using available ingredients. To create a snake you will need: a plate, river sand, powdered sugar, ethyl alcohol, a lighter or burner, baking soda.
Place a pile of sand on a plate and soak it in alcohol. Make a depression in the top of the slide, where you carefully add powdered sugar and soda. Now we set fire to the sand slide and watch. After a couple of minutes, a dark wriggling ribbon that resembles a snake will begin to grow from the top of the slide.
How to conduct chemical experiments with an explosion, see the following video from Youtube:
If you're wondering how to celebrate your child's birthday, you might like the idea of hosting a science show for kids. Recently, scientific holidays have become increasingly popular. Almost all children enjoy entertaining experiences and experiments. For them it is something magical and incomprehensible, and therefore interesting. The cost of hosting a science show is quite high. But this is not a reason to deny yourself the pleasure of watching the amazed children’s faces. After all, you can do it on your own, without resorting to the help of animators and holiday agencies.
In this article, I have made a selection of simple chemical and physical experiments that can be carried out at home without any problems. Everything you need to carry them out can probably be found in your kitchen or medicine cabinet. You won't need any special skills either. All you need is desire and a good mood.
I tried to collect simple but spectacular experiments that will be interesting to children of different ages. For each experiment, I prepared a scientific explanation (it’s not for nothing that I studied to be a chemist!). Whether you explain to your children the essence of what is happening or not is up to you. It all depends on their age and level of training. If the children are small, you can skip the explanation and go straight to the spectacular experience, saying only that they will be able to learn the secrets of such “miracles” when they grow up, go to school and begin to study chemistry and physics. Perhaps this will make them interested in studying in the future.
Although I chose the safest experiments, they still need to be taken very seriously. It is better to perform all manipulations with gloves and a gown, at a safe distance from children. After all, vinegar and potassium permanganate can cause trouble.
And, of course, when holding a children's science show, you need to take care of the image of a mad scientist. Your artistry and charisma will largely determine the success of the event. Transforming from an ordinary person into a funny scientific genius is not at all difficult - all you have to do is tousle your hair, put on big glasses and a white coat, get smeared with soot and make a facial expression appropriate to your new status. This is what a typical mad scientist looks like.
Before organizing a science show at a children's party (by the way, it can be not only a birthday, but also any other holiday), you should do all the experiments in the absence of children. Rehearse so that there are no unpleasant surprises later. You never know what can go wrong.
Children's experiments can be carried out without a festive occasion - just so that you can spend time with your child in an interesting and useful way.
Choose the experiences you like best and create a holiday script. In order not to overburden children with science, even if it is entertaining, dilute the event with fun games.
Part 1. Chemical show
Attention! When conducting chemical experiments, you should be extremely careful.
Foam fountain
Almost all children love foam - the more, the better. Even kids know how to make it: to do this, you need to pour shampoo into the water and shake it well. Can foam form on its own without shaking and also be colored?
Ask the children what they think foam is. What does it consist of and how can it be obtained. Let them express their guesses.
Then explain that foam is bubbles filled with gas. This means that for its formation you need some substance from which the walls of the bubbles will consist, and a gas that will fill them. For example, soap and air. When soap is added to water and stirred, air enters these bubbles from the environment. But gas can also be produced in another way - through a chemical reaction.
Option 1
- hydroperite tablets;
- potassium permanganate;
- liquid soap;
- water;
- glass vessel with a narrow neck (preferably beautiful);
- cup;
- hammer;
- tray.
Setting up the experiment
- Using a hammer, crush the hydroperite tablets into powder and pour it into the flask.
- Place the flask on a tray.
- Add liquid soap and water.
- Prepare an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate in a glass and pour it into the flask with hydroperide.
After the solutions of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) and hydroperide (hydrogen peroxide) merge, a reaction will begin to occur between them, accompanied by the release of oxygen.
4KMnO 4 + 4H 2 O 2 = 4MnO 2 ¯ + 5O 2 + 2H 2 O + 4KOH
Under the influence of oxygen, the soap present in the flask will begin to foam and lick out of the flask, forming a kind of fountain. Due to potassium permanganate, part of the foam will turn pink.
You can see how this happens in the video.
Important: The glass vessel must have a narrow neck. Do not take the resulting foam into your hands and do not give it to children.
Option 2
Another gas, for example carbon dioxide, is also suitable for foam formation. You can paint the foam any color you want.
To carry out the experiment you will need:
- plastic bottle;
- soda;
- vinegar;
- food coloring;
- liquid soap.
Setting up the experiment
- Pour vinegar into the bottle.
- Add liquid soap and food coloring.
- Add baking soda.
Result and scientific explanation
When soda and vinegar interact, a violent chemical reaction occurs, accompanied by the release of carbon dioxide CO 2 .
Under its influence, the soap will begin to foam and lick out of the bottle. The dye will color the foam in the color you choose.
Fun ball
What's a birthday without balloons? Show the children the balloon and ask how to inflate it. The guys, of course, will answer with their mouths. Explain that the balloon is inflated by the carbon dioxide that we exhale. But there is another way to inflate the balloon.
To carry out the experiment you will need:
- soda;
- vinegar;
- bottle;
- balloon.
Setting up the experiment
- Place a teaspoon of baking soda inside the balloon.
- Pour vinegar into the bottle.
- Place the balloon on the neck of the bottle and pour the baking soda into the bottle.
Result and scientific explanation
As soon as soda and vinegar come into contact, a violent chemical reaction will begin, accompanied by the release of carbon dioxide CO 2. The balloon will begin to inflate before your eyes.
CH 3 -COOH + Na + − → CH 3 -COO − Na + + H 2 O + CO 2
If you take a smiley ball, it will make an even greater impression on the guys. At the end of the experiment, tie a balloon and give it to the birthday person.
Watch the video for a demonstration of the experience.
Chameleon
Can liquids change color? If yes, why and how? Before you try the experiment, be sure to ask your children these questions. Let them think. They will remember how water is colored when you rinse a brush with paint in it. Is it possible to discolor the solution?
To carry out the experiment you will need:
- starch;
- alcohol burner;
- test tube;
- cup;
- water.
Setting up the experiment
- Pour a pinch of starch into a test tube and add water.
- Drop some iodine. The solution will turn blue.
- Light the burner.
- Heat the test tube until the solution becomes colorless.
- Pour cold water into a glass and immerse the test tube in it so that the solution cools and turns blue again.
Result and scientific explanation
When interacting with iodine, a starch solution turns blue, since this produces a dark blue compound I 2 * (C 6 H 10 O 5) n. However, this substance is unstable and, when heated, breaks down again into iodine and starch. When cooled, the reaction goes in the other direction and we again see the solution turning blue. This reaction demonstrates the reversibility of chemical processes and their dependence on temperature.
I 2 + (C 6 H 10 O 5) n => I 2 *(C 6 H 10 O 5) n
(iodine - yellow) (starch - clear) (dark blue)
Rubber egg
All children know that eggshells are very fragile and can break at the slightest blow. It would be nice if the eggs didn’t break! Then you wouldn’t have to worry about getting the eggs home when your mom sends you to the store.
To carry out the experiment you will need:
- vinegar;
- raw chicken egg;
- cup.
Setting up the experiment
- To surprise the children, you need to prepare for this experience in advance. 3 days before the holiday, pour vinegar into a glass and place a raw chicken egg in it. Leave for three days so that the shell has time to completely dissolve.
- Show the children a glass with an egg and invite everyone to say a magic spell together: “Tryn-dyrin, boom-burym!” Egg, become rubber!”
- Remove the egg with a spoon, wipe it with a napkin and demonstrate how it can now become deformed.
Result and scientific explanation
Eggshells are made of calcium carbonate, which dissolves when reacted with vinegar.
CaCO 3 + 2 CH 3 COOH = Ca(CH 3 COO) 2 + H 2 O + CO 2
Due to the presence of a film between the shell and the contents of the egg, it retains its shape. Watch the video to see what an egg looks like after vinegar.
Secret letter
Children love everything mysterious, and therefore this experiment will certainly seem like real magic to them.
Take an ordinary ballpoint pen and write a secret message from aliens on a piece of paper or draw some kind of secret sign that no one except the guys present can know about.
When the children read what is written there, tell them that this is a big secret and the inscription must be destroyed. Moreover, magic water will help you erase the inscription. If you treat the inscription with a solution of potassium permanganate and vinegar, then with hydrogen peroxide, the ink will wash off.
To carry out the experiment you will need:
- potassium permanganate;
- vinegar;
- hydrogen peroxide;
- flask;
- cotton buds;
- ball pen;
- paper;
- water;
- paper towels or napkins;
- iron.
Setting up the experiment
- Draw a picture or message on a piece of paper with a ballpoint pen.
- Pour some potassium permanganate into the test tube and add vinegar.
- Soak a cotton swab in this solution and swipe over the inscription.
- Take another cotton swab, moisten it with water and wash off the resulting stains.
- Blot with a napkin.
- Apply hydrogen peroxide to the inscription and blot it again with a napkin.
- Iron or place under a press.
Result and scientific explanation
After all the manipulations, you will receive a blank sheet of paper, which will greatly surprise the children.
Potassium permanganate is a very strong oxidizing agent, especially if the reaction occurs in an acidic environment:
MnO 4 ˉ+ 8 H + + 5 eˉ = Mn 2+ + 4 H 2 O
A strong acidified solution of potassium permanganate literally burns many organic compounds, turning them into carbon dioxide and water. To create an acidic environment, our experiment uses acetic acid.
The product of the reduction of potassium permanganate is manganese dioxide Mn0 2, which has a brown color and precipitates. To remove it, we use hydrogen peroxide H 2 O 2, which reduces the insoluble compound Mn0 2 to a highly soluble manganese (II) salt.
MnO 2 + H 2 O 2 + 2 H + = O 2 + Mn 2+ + 2 H 2 O.
I suggest you watch how the ink disappears in the video.
The power of thought
Before setting up the experiment, ask the children how to extinguish a candle flame. They, of course, will answer you that you need to blow out the candle. Ask if they believe you can put out a fire with an empty glass by casting a magic spell?
To carry out the experiment you will need:
- vinegar;
- soda;
- glasses;
- candles;
- matches.
Setting up the experiment
- Pour baking soda into a glass and fill it with vinegar.
- Light some candles.
- Bring a glass of baking soda and vinegar to another glass, tilting it slightly so that the carbon dioxide produced during the chemical reaction flows into the empty glass.
- Pass a glass of gas over the candles, as if pouring it on the flame. At the same time, make a mysterious expression on your face and say some incomprehensible spell, for example: “Chickens-borers, moors-pli!” Flame, don’t burn anymore!” Children must think that this is magic. You will reveal the secret after the delight.
Result and scientific explanation
When soda and vinegar interact, carbon dioxide is released, which, unlike oxygen, does not support combustion:
CH 3 -COOH + Na + − → CH 3 -COO − Na + + H 2 O + CO 2
CO 2 is heavier than air, and therefore does not fly up, but settles down. Thanks to this property, we have the opportunity to collect it in an empty glass, and then “pour” it onto the candles, thereby extinguishing their flame.
How this happens, watch the video.
Part 2. Entertaining physical experiments
Genie strongman
This experiment will allow children to look at their usual action from a different perspective. Place an empty wine bottle in front of the children (it is better to remove the label first) and push the cork into it. And then turn the bottle upside down and try to shake the cork out. Of course, you won't succeed. Ask the children: is there any way to get the cork out without breaking the bottle? Let them say what they think about this.
Since nothing can be used to pick up the cork through the neck, there is only one thing left to do - try to push it out from the inside. How to do it? You can call the genie for help!
The gin used in this experiment will be a large plastic bag. To enhance the effect, you can decorate the bag with colored markers - draw eyes, nose, mouth, hands, some patterns.
So, to conduct the experiment you will need:
- empty wine bottle;
- cork;
- plastic bag.
Setting up the experiment
- Twist the bag into a tube and insert it into the bottle so that the handles are on the outside.
- When turning the bottle over, ensure that the cork is on the side of the bag, closer to the neck.
- Inflate the bag.
- Carefully begin to pull the package out of the bottle. The cork will come out along with it.
Result and scientific explanation
As the bag is inflated, it expands inside the bottle, expelling air from it. When we begin to pull out the bag, a vacuum is created inside the bottle, due to which the walls of the bag wrap around the cork and drag it out with them. This is such a strong gin!
To see how this happens, watch the video.
Wrong glass
On the eve of the experiment, ask the children what will happen if you turn a glass of water upside down. They will answer that the water will pour out. Tell them that this only happens with the “right” glasses. And you have the “wrong” glass from which water does not pour out.
To carry out the experiment you will need:
- glasses of water;
- paints (you can do without them, but this way the experience looks more spectacular; it is better to use acrylic paints - they give more saturated colors);
- paper.
Setting up the experiment
- Pour water into glasses.
- Add some color to it.
- Wet the edges of the glasses with water and place a sheet of paper on top of them.
- Press the paper firmly against the glass, holding it with your hand, and turn the glasses upside down.
- Wait a moment until the paper sticks to the glass.
- Slowly remove your hand.
Result and scientific explanation
Surely all children know that we are surrounded by air. Although we cannot see him, he, like everything around him, has weight. We feel the touch of air, for example, when the wind blows on us. There is a lot of air, and therefore it presses on the ground and everything around. This is called atmospheric pressure.
When we apply paper to a wet glass, it sticks to its walls due to the force of surface tension.
In an inverted glass, between its bottom (which is now at the top) and the surface of the water, a space is formed filled with air and water vapor. The force of gravity acts on the water, pulling it down. At the same time, the space between the bottom of the glass and the surface of the water increases. Under conditions of constant temperature, the pressure in it decreases and becomes less than atmospheric. The total pressure of air and water on the paper from the inside is slightly less than the air pressure from the outside. That's why water doesn't pour out of the glass. However, after some time, the glass will lose its magical properties, and the water will still spill out. This is due to the evaporation of water, which increases the pressure inside the glass. When it becomes more atmospheric, the paper will fall off and the water will pour out. But you don’t have to bring it to this point. It will be more interesting this way.
You can watch the progress of the experiment in the video.
Gluttonous bottle
Ask your children if they like to eat. Do people like to eat glass bottles? No? Don't they eat bottles? But they are wrong. They don’t eat ordinary bottles, but they don’t even mind having a snack with magic bottles.
To carry out the experiment you will need:
- boiled chicken egg;
- bottle (to enhance the effect, the bottle can be painted or embellished in some way, but so that children can see what is happening inside it);
- matches;
- paper.
Setting up the experiment
- Peel the boiled egg from the shell. Who eats eggs in a shell?
- Set fire to a piece of paper.
- Throw the burning paper into the bottle.
- Place the egg on the neck of the bottle.
Result and scientific explanation
When we throw burning paper into a bottle, the air in it heats up and expands. By closing the neck with an egg, we prevent the flow of air, as a result of which the fire goes out. The air in the bottle cools and contracts. A pressure difference is created inside the bottle and outside, due to which the egg is sucked into the bottle.
That's all for now. However, over time I plan to add a few more experiments to the article. At home, you can, for example, conduct experiments with balloons. Therefore, if you are interested in this topic, add the site to your bookmarks or subscribe to the newsletter for updates. When I add something new, I will inform you about it by e-mail. It took me a lot of time to prepare this article, so please respect my work and when copying materials, be sure to include an active hyperlink to this page.
If you have ever conducted home experiments for children and organized a science show, write about your impressions in the comments and attach a photo. It will be interesting!
And learn with them peace and wonders of physical phenomena? Then we invite you to our “experimental laboratory”, in which we will tell you how to create simple, but very interesting experiments for children.
Experiments with eggs
Egg with salt
The egg will sink to the bottom if you place it in a glass of plain water, but what happens if you add salt? The result is very interesting and can clearly show interesting facts about density.
You will need:
- Salt
- Tumbler.
Instructions:
1. Fill half the glass with water.
2. Add a lot of salt to the glass (about 6 tablespoons).
3. We interfere.
4. Carefully lower the egg into the water and watch what happens.
Explanation
Salt water has a higher density than regular tap water. It is the salt that brings the egg to the surface. And if you add fresh water to the existing salt water, the egg will gradually sink to the bottom.
Egg in a bottle
Did you know that a boiled whole egg can easily be placed in a bottle?
You will need:
- A bottle with a neck diameter smaller than the diameter of an egg
- Hard boiled egg
- Matches
- Some paper
- Vegetable oil.
Instructions:
1. Lubricate the neck of the bottle with vegetable oil.
2. Now set fire to the paper (you can just use a few matches) and immediately throw it into the bottle.
3. Place an egg on the neck.
When the fire goes out, the egg will be inside the bottle.
Explanation
The fire provokes heating of the air in the bottle, which comes out. After the fire goes out, the air in the bottle will begin to cool and compress. Therefore, a low pressure is created in the bottle, and the external pressure forces the egg into the bottle.
Ball experiment
This experiment shows how rubber and orange peel interact with each other.
You will need:
- Balloon
- Orange.
Instructions:
1. Inflate the balloon.
2. Peel the orange, but do not throw away the orange peel (zest).
3. Squeeze the orange zest over the ball until it pops.
Explanation.
Orange zest contains the substance limonene. It is capable of dissolving rubber, which is what happens to the ball.
Candle experiment
An interesting experiment showing ignition of a candle from a distance.
You will need:
- Regular candle
- Matches or lighter.
Instructions:
1. Light a candle.
2. After a few seconds, put it out.
3. Now bring the burning flame close to the smoke coming from the candle. The candle will start burning again.
Explanation
The smoke rising from an extinguished candle contains paraffin, which quickly ignites. The burning paraffin vapor reaches the wick, and the candle begins to burn again.
Soda with vinegar
A balloon that inflates itself is a very interesting sight.
You will need:
- Bottle
- Glass of vinegar
- 4 teaspoons soda
- Balloon.
Instructions:
1. Pour a glass of vinegar into the bottle.
2. Pour baking soda into the ball.
3. We put the ball on the neck of the bottle.
4. Slowly place the ball vertically while pouring the baking soda into the bottle with vinegar.
5. We watch the balloon inflate.
Explanation
If you add baking soda to vinegar, a process called soda slaking occurs. During this process, carbon dioxide is released, which inflates our balloon.
Invisible ink
Play secret agent with your child and create your own invisible ink.
You will need:
- Half a lemon
- Spoon
- A bowl
- Cotton swab
- White paper
- Lamp.
Instructions:
1. Squeeze some lemon juice into a bowl and add the same amount of water.
2. Dip a cotton swab into the mixture and write something on white paper.
3. Wait until the juice dries and becomes completely invisible.
4. When you are ready to read the secret message or show it to someone else, heat the paper by holding it close to a light bulb or fire.
Explanation
Lemon juice is an organic substance that oxidizes and turns brown when heated. Diluted lemon juice in water makes it hard to see on paper, and no one will know there is lemon juice until it warms up.
Other substances which work on the same principle:
- Orange juice
- Milk
- Onion juice
- Vinegar
- Wine.
How to make lava
You will need:
- Sunflower oil
- Juice or food coloring
- Transparent vessel (can be a glass)
- Any effervescent tablets.
Instructions:
1. First, pour the juice into a glass so that it fills approximately 70% of the container’s volume.
2. Fill the rest of the glass with sunflower oil.
3. Now wait until the juice separates from the sunflower oil.
4. We throw a tablet into a glass and observe an effect similar to lava. When the tablet dissolves, you can throw another one.
Explanation
Oil separates from water because it has a lower density. Dissolving in the juice, the tablet releases carbon dioxide, which captures parts of the juice and lifts it to the top. The gas leaves the glass completely when it reaches the top, causing the juice particles to fall back down.
The tablet fizzes due to the fact that it contains citric acid and soda (sodium bicarbonate). Both of these ingredients react with water to form sodium citrate and carbon dioxide gas.
Ice experiment
At first glance, you might think that the ice cube on top will eventually melt, which should cause the water to spill, but is this really so?
You will need:
- Cup
- Ice cubes.
Instructions:
1. Fill the glass with warm water to the very top.
2. Carefully lower the ice cubes.
3. Watch the water level carefully.
As the ice melts, the water level does not change at all.
Explanation
When water freezes to ice, it expands, increasing its volume (which is why even heating pipes can burst in winter). The water from melted ice takes up less space than the ice itself. Therefore, when the ice cube melts, the water level remains approximately the same.
How to make a parachute
find out about air resistance, making a small parachute.
You will need:
- Plastic bag or other lightweight material
- Scissors
- A small load (possibly some kind of figurine).
Instructions:
1. Cut a large square from a plastic bag.
2. Now we cut the edges so that we get an octagon (eight identical sides).
3. Now we tie 8 pieces of thread to each corner.
4. Don't forget to make a small hole in the middle of the parachute.
5. Tie the other ends of the threads to a small weight.
6. We use a chair or find a high point to launch the parachute and check how it flies. Remember that the parachute should fly as slowly as possible.
Explanation
When the parachute is released, the weight pulls it down, but with the help of the lines, the parachute takes up a large area that resists the air, causing the weight to slowly descend. The larger the surface area of the parachute, the more that surface resists falling, and the slower the parachute will descend.
A small hole in the middle of the parachute allows air to flow through it slowly, rather than having the parachute tumble to one side.
How to make a tornado
Find out, how to make a tornado in a bottle with this fun science experiment for kids. The items used in the experiment are easy to find in everyday life. Made home mini tornado much safer than the tornadoes shown on television in the American steppes.
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We have a lot of things in our kitchen that can be used for interesting experiments for children. Well, for myself, to be honest, make a couple of discoveries from the “how did I not notice this before” category.
website I chose 9 experiments that will delight children and raise many new questions in them.
1. Lava lamp
Needed: Salt, water, a glass of vegetable oil, some food coloring, a large transparent glass or glass jar.
Experience: Fill the glass 2/3 with water, pour vegetable oil into the water. Oil will float on the surface. Add food coloring to water and oil. Then slowly add 1 teaspoon of salt.
Explanation: Oil is lighter than water, so it floats on the surface, but salt is heavier than oil, so when you add salt to a glass, the oil and salt begin to sink to the bottom. As the salt breaks down, it releases oil particles and they rise to the surface. Food coloring will help make the experience more visual and spectacular.
2. Personal rainbow
Needed: A container filled with water (bathtub, basin), a flashlight, a mirror, a sheet of white paper.
Experience: Pour water into a container and place a mirror on the bottom. We direct the light of the flashlight onto the mirror. The reflected light must be caught on the paper on which a rainbow should appear.
Explanation: A ray of light consists of several colors; when it passes through the water, it breaks down into its component parts - in the form of a rainbow.
3. Vulcan
Needed: Tray, sand, plastic bottle, food coloring, soda, vinegar.
Experience: A small volcano should be molded around a small plastic bottle from clay or sand - for the surroundings. To cause an eruption, you should pour two tablespoons of soda into the bottle, pour in a quarter cup of warm water, add a little food coloring, and finally pour in a quarter cup of vinegar.
Explanation: When baking soda and vinegar come into contact, a violent reaction begins, releasing water, salt and carbon dioxide. Gas bubbles push the contents out.
4. Growing crystals
Needed: Salt, water, wire.
Experience: To obtain crystals, you need to prepare a supersaturated salt solution - one in which the salt does not dissolve when adding a new portion. In this case, you need to keep the solution warm. To make the process go better, it is desirable that the water be distilled. When the solution is ready, it must be poured into a new container to get rid of the debris that is always in the salt. Next, you can lower a wire with a small loop at the end into the solution. Place the jar in a warm place so that the liquid cools more slowly. In a few days, beautiful salt crystals will grow on the wire. If you get the hang of it, you can grow fairly large crystals or patterned crafts on twisted wire.
Explanation: As the water cools, the solubility of the salt decreases, and it begins to precipitate and settle on the walls of the vessel and on your wire.
5. Dancing coin
Needed: Bottle, coin to cover the neck of the bottle, water.
Experience: The empty, unclosed bottle should be placed in the freezer for a few minutes. Moisten a coin with water and cover the bottle removed from the freezer with it. After a few seconds, the coin will begin to jump and, hitting the neck of the bottle, make sounds similar to clicks.
Explanation: The coin is lifted by air, which compressed in the freezer and occupied a smaller volume, but has now heated up and begun to expand.
6. Colored milk
Needed: Whole milk, food coloring, liquid detergent, cotton swabs, plate.
Experience: Pour milk into a plate, add a few drops of coloring. Then you need to take a cotton swab, dip it in the detergent and touch the swab to the very center of the plate with milk. The milk will begin to move and the colors will begin to mix.
Explanation: The detergent reacts with the fat molecules in the milk and causes them to move. This is why skim milk is not suitable for the experiment.
7. Fireproof bill
Needed: Ten-ruble bill, tongs, matches or lighter, salt, 50% alcohol solution (1/2 part alcohol to 1/2 part water).
Experience: Add a pinch of salt to the alcohol solution, immerse the bill in the solution until it is completely saturated. Use tongs to remove the bill from the solution and allow the excess liquid to drain. Set the bill on fire and watch it burn without getting burned.
Explanation: The combustion of ethyl alcohol produces water, carbon dioxide and heat (energy). When you set fire to a bill, the alcohol burns. The temperature at which it burns is not sufficient to evaporate the water with which the paper bill is soaked. As a result, all the alcohol burns out, the flame goes out, and the slightly damp ten remains intact.
9. Camera obscura
You will need:
A camera that supports long shutter speeds (up to 30 s);
Large sheet of thick cardboard;
Masking tape (for gluing cardboard);
A room with a view of anything;
Sunny day.
1. Cover the window with cardboard so that light does not come from the street.
2. We make a smooth hole in the center (for a room 3 meters deep, the hole should be about 7-8 mm).
3. When your eyes get used to the darkness, you will see an inverted street on the walls of the room! The most visible effect will be achieved on a bright sunny day.
4. Now the result can be shot with a camera at a long shutter speed. A shutter speed of 10-30 seconds is fine.
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