In which countries are tangerines collected? What are the benefits of tangerine? Interesting facts, the use of tangerine. The use of tangerine in everyday life and more...

In the modern world, citrus fruits and other exotic fruits are abundant on the shelves of hypermarkets all year round. People feast on it, sometimes without even understanding the benefits of this or that fruit. There are many similar vegetables and fruits, differing only in shade or size. These include tangerine and clementine. These plants are related, and due to their external similarity they are easy to confuse, but the difference between clementines and tangerines is significant.

Varieties of tangerines

The homeland of tangerines is China. If you look at where this fruit grows now, you might be surprised how much its distribution area has expanded. Citrus is popular in India, Mediterranean countries, Spain, France, Morocco, Turkey, Egypt, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Abkhazia, America, Brazil, Argentina, and Transcaucasia.

The most sought-after and popular types of tangerines in Russia:

Abkhazian - sweet and sour, with a thin yellow skin with green veins. The skin is easily removed; there are seeds, but in small quantities.

Turkish - tangerines of various shades from yellow to orange. Fruits with dark skin are sweeter. It takes some effort to separate the skin, and the flesh is filled with seeds.
Spanish - a sweet variety with a thick skin. They are large and have an intense orange color. Seeds are rarely found in the pulp.
Chinese - small, light yellow. It tastes sour with a very rich aroma. They are interesting to buyers because they are sold on branches, like cherry tomatoes.
Israeli - fruits with sweet and sour pulp and a long-lasting aftertaste. There are few seeds in them, but the peel is difficult to remove.
Moroccan - small size and flattened fruits with a golden-orange rind and a sweet taste of the pulp. The fruits are completely seedless.

Mandarin is represented by a large group of citrus varieties. They can vary in size, which varies from a pigeon egg to a medium-sized grapefruit, and can be honey-sweet, sour, tart and bitter, but all are characterized by easy separation of the pulp into segments and separation of the peel, which does not cause difficulties.

Benefits of tangerines

Everyone knows that citrus fruits are a source of ascorbic acid, but tangerines have a number of additional advantages that are valuable for the human body:

strengthen the body's barrier functions;
have antioxidant properties;
are a source of positive mood;
have a positive effect on the psycho-emotional state;
prevent the occurrence of colds and also alleviate the course of the disease;
improve the course of metabolic processes in the body;
improve the functioning of the digestive system;
eliminate toxicosis in women during pregnancy;
are an excellent prophylactic against myocardial and bloodstream diseases;
improve the general condition of a person with bronchitis, asthma;.
endowed with antimicrobial and antimicrobial actions.

Interesting fact: a large amount of citric acid in tangerines prevents nitrates and toxic compounds from accumulating in the fruit.

Types of clementines

Clementine is a fruit that appeared thanks to the works of Clement Rodier, through the selection of mandarin and king orange. The author achieved the appearance of a juicy and tasty fruit with exceptional taste.

Clementine grows in Algeria, Italy, and Spain. Where the hybrid grows can be determined by the names of the species.

There are three popular types for the consumer basket:

Spanish - the fruits may not be large, but may differ in larger sizes. Each clementine can contain up to 10 seeds;
Corsican - a bright orange fruit with a pleasant aroma and seedless pulp. Citrus has its own regional trademark;
Montreal - a sweet clementine that ripens in October and has up to 12 seeds in the pulp.

Clementine Rubino may be aesthetically interesting for lovers of unusual fruits. It has no obvious differences in taste, but it is characterized by an intensely red skin color and pigmented pulp.

Benefits of clementines

Varieties of clementines differ in size, taste, shape and color of the peel, but have a lot of useful common properties:

eliminate migraine symptoms;
have a positive effect on the body in case of respiratory ailments;
strengthen the immune system;
improve visual acuity;
promote good digestibility of food, stimulate appetite, saturate the body with valuable vitamin and mineral complexes;
have antimicrobial, antiviral effects;
prevent dehydration during hyperthermia;
are citrus, which has a positive effect on mood;
essential oils of hybrids are priceless because... they prevent aging, have regenerative properties, restore the structure of hair, nails, and skin, therefore they are widely used in dermatology.

Features of clementine and tangerine

If the choice is based on taste preferences, it is worth noting that when buying tangerines, it is difficult to guess whether they are sweet or sour. In this case, we can only rely on the seller’s integrity or intuition. If you don’t want to be disappointed and it’s important to choose a sweet citrus, then you should look at clementine. In terms of taste, it is much sweeter, richer in vitamins and nutrients, and more nutritious. They differ from tangerines in their rounder shape, smoother peel, similarity to an orange, and there is a difference in the biochemical structure of the fruit.

Tangerines are not round; they are usually flattened and have a loose peel structure. The color of their shell is less saturated compared to clementine. Tangerines often have a sweet and sour taste, but it should definitely be pleasant.

How to choose a ripe tangerine

There are no particular difficulties in choosing tangerines; the main thing is not to rush and adhere to certain rules:

It is important that the fruits are not affected by rot or mold and that the skin on them is not broken.
They should not be excessively hard or soft, and dried out tangerines are also unacceptable. The fruit is elastic when lightly squeezed.
The citrus peel should come off easily.
Heavy fruits have an advantage over light ones - they are sweeter and juicier.
The color of ripe ones is uniform, and the peel is more saturated in color. The paler the tangerine, the more sour it is.

When should you limit your fruit intake?

Similarities can be seen in the beneficial properties of tangerine and clementine; they also have common contraindications:

It is not recommended to enjoy the fruits for people with high blood glucose levels;
pathologies of the digestive system;
individual intolerance;
for allergic manifestations.

Excessive consumption of these citrus fruits can oversaturate the body with vitamin C and, upon contact with certain medications, provoke toxic metal poisoning.

Which fruit is healthier?

Without going into details, clementine and tangerine have similarities, but it is worth noting that the benefits of consuming the fruits of a hybrid plant are much greater. The amount of ascorbic acid in fruits is higher, but you need to be careful with this indicator. Excessive amounts of vitamin C consumed can thin the blood to pathological limits. Clementine has a high concentration of flavonoids, micro- and macroelements.

Few people choose citrus fruits for medicinal purposes and taking into account the components of citrus pulp. It is enough for everyone to understand that tangerines and clementines are healthy. Usually, buyers make their choice based on taste preferences and everyone decides for themselves which fruit to eat, sweet or slightly sour. It is important to learn how to correctly determine the quality of a product and then the purchase will not seem like a “pig in a poke.”

Types of tangerines and where they grow

Mandarin is the same fruit that for a long time was not subject to any classification. In the middle of the last century, the Soviet scientist-breeder V.P. Alekseev defined seven main groups, highlighting the following types of tangerines:

Satsuma or “Unshiu” is a species that grows beautifully in Georgia, Abkhazia, the Krasnodar Territory and the Crimean Peninsula in the Russian Federation.
stenia is resistant to temperate climates and is capable of bearing fully ripened fruits even with insufficient sunlight. Unshiu is often grown at home as a houseplant, which bears fruit just as actively as in open ground. This is facilitated by the tree’s short growth, which will not exceed 1.5 meters in limited space. In open ground, the tree reaches a height of 3 meters, which is also not much in comparison with other varieties. The plant bears its first fruits at the age of 3 years. Abundant and fragrant flowering occurs in May. Unshiu fruits are flattened in shape and covered with a thin, light orange peel with a slight hint of green that is easy to peel to reveal the delicate and sweet citrus pulp. The average weight of one fruit is approximately 70 g. The species is distinguished by the fact that the fruits do not contain seeds. Reproduction occurs by grafting to other trees, which is why varieties such as Pioneer 80 and Sochinsky 23 with excellent cold resistance and productivity have appeared.
Austere is a citrus fruit of Chinese origin. Perhaps this is one of the sweetest types of citrus, the distinctive feature of which can be called bright orange with a hint of red peel color.
A well-known representative of this species is the tangerine variety, which grows in the USA, as well as in Italy and on the island of Sicily. Unlike Unshiu, tangerines are covered with a thicker skin, but also do not contain seeds. The harvest of ripe and tasty tangerines is harvested between October and April. The peel is easy to peel, and the fruit pulp is divided into juicy slices.

Deliciosa is a species belonging to the Sino-Mediterranean group of citrus fruits. The most popular variety is the willow tangerine, a tree with a compact crown of narrow and long leaves. The fruits are flattened, orange in color, medium in size, 6-7 cm in diameter, sweet and sour in taste.
Reticulata is a species widely grown in China and India. The Ponkan variety, a large “golden-fruited” tangerine, with an original pear-shaped shape with a “navel,” is exported industrially. The fruits are easily peeled from the medium-thick peel, under which a juicy, tender, sweet and sour-tasting pulp is hidden. With bones. The harvest is harvested from December to the end of January; fortunately, the climate of the countries where the Ponkan variety is grown allows this. In addition to India and China, this citrus grows in Latin and South America, Taiwan and the Philippines.
The species of royal mandarins Nobilis ("Noble") - historically belongs to the Indochinese and Malay groups. The fruits are one of the largest with an inherent characteristic feature - a lumpy and thick peel, under which lies a juicy and sweet pulp with an excellent aroma and aftertaste. The best varieties of the “royal” species recognized throughout the world are: King (Siamese King), Tsao-tse, Uvatin-mikan.
The small-fruited species is suitable for growing at home - Chinese-Japanese varietal group. Favorite varieties are the sweet Mukaku-kishiu and Kishiu, and the sour Shiva-mikan, which feel great indoors, bringing a tropical touch to the interior, actively blooming and bearing fruit.
Hybrid species are varieties developed during breeding experiments on various citrus plants. Thus, it was possible to obtain fruits of bright colors, with unique taste, of various sizes and shapes:

Calamondin – mandarin + fortunella;
Rangpur – mandarin orange + lime;
Clementine – mandarin + orange; (Corsican, Montreal and Spanish);
Tangelo – tangerine + grapefruit (or pomelo);
Thornton is a variety of tangelo;
Mineola – American variety Dancy + Duncan grapefruit;
Tangor – tangerine + sweet orange;
Mandora – mandarin orange + sweet orange;
Ellendale – tangerine + tangerine + orange;
Citrandarine – mandarin + poncirus;
Santina – clementine + orlando;
Agli (“freak” in English) – tangerine + orange + grapefruit;
Ichandarin – mandarin + Ichang papeda;
Orangequat – tangerine unshiu + kumquat;
Orange – mandarin orange + pomelo;
Meyer lemon – lemon + tangerine (or orange);
Kabosu – papeda + orange.

As a result of experiments in modern citrus breeding, a unique Baby variety appeared, as the name implies - these are mini tangerines, China. The fruits are so small that they literally melt in your mouth. The light skin of the Baby variety indicates its origin from the Chinese satsuma, the dark orange - from tangerine. Baby tangerines are extremely sweet and fragrant. The only drawback is that you have to clean them too often, since one thing is enough for “one tooth.”

When do tangerines ripen?

The ripeness of fruits is directly related to where they come from. The harvest is harvested from late October to February, depending on the area, growing conditions and characteristics of the variety.

China has long been recognized as a leader in the cultivation of citrus fruits, exporting to the world market 10 times more than, for example, the second country in terms of production of “orange” fruits – Spain. Due to the favorable climate, citrus trees bear fruit from the beginning of November to the end of January. While in Abkhazia and Sochi they have time to ripen only in December.

In general, the picture is such that the industrial volume of tangerine harvest occurs in December. Therefore, the fruit is traditionally considered a New Year's fruit, since all producers try to sell most of the harvest before the New Year holidays.

How to choose Abkhazian tangerines

Abkhazian tangerines, with a taste familiar to all immigrants from the USSR from childhood, are a traditional delicious decoration for every New Year's table in our country and not only for many decades in a row. Cold-resistant varieties were specially obtained from Japanese satsumas for cultivation in a special climatic zone - in Abkhazia, and are still used today.

In view of the fact that there is an abundance of fruits of various varieties from many countries on the market, many people have a question: how to distinguish Abkhazian tangerines, for example, from Chinese ones? The first difference is the medium-early ripening of the fruits. At the end of November, the “orange” plantations in Abkhazia are covered with small “suns”, and the harvest ripens by mid-December. The second difference is the matte peel. No gloss. The third difference is the subtle and pleasant aroma from the crust, which you feel when holding the fruit in your hands, the invigorating taste of the juicy pulp with a caramel aftertaste and sourness in the aftertaste. Depending on the variety, the Abkhazian harvest is predominantly seedless, although fruits with them are also found.

Moroccan tangerines

Tangerines from Morocco are one of the most popular and affordable fruits in Russia in winter. Bright orange “balls” with a traditional sticker in the form of a black diamond can be found at every retail outlet. The peel is easy to peel, and the flesh is juicy and sweet, with a small number of seeds.

How to choose Spanish tangerines

Spanish tangerines are medium-sized, bright orange fruits. Most often, branches with ripe fruits or single fruits with leaves are found on the shelves. The skin is large-porous, easy to peel, and the flesh is sweet. There are seeds in almost every slice, but there are seedless hybrid varieties.

Chinese tangerines

Considering the fact that China is the main exporter of the “orange” fruit in the world, the majority of batches of this product on our shelves were brought from there. Chinese tangerines are passed off as Abkhazian, since some varieties have identical thin matte skin that is easy to peel, and the pulp, although sweet in taste, has no characteristic aroma. Greenish tangerines from China are laid out on store shelves with leaves or on twigs. It is a mistake to assume that they last longer this way. Ripe citrus fruits are a perishable product.

Turkish tangerines

Tangerines from Turkey differ from their “brothers” in their low price, lack of seeds and slightly sour taste. They are characterized by a yellowish tint to the peel, which is easy to peel. Many people love them for their lack of seeds.

How to choose delicious tangerines

Sometimes it seems that buying fruit is a lottery: if it turns out to be sweet - lucky, sour - well, it doesn’t happen to anyone... To choose really ripe and sweet tangerines, you need to answer the question: which tangerines are the most delicious? It is enough to have a general idea of the varieties and importing countries so as not to make a mistake with the choice:

Large and flattened fruits usually have a sour taste;
Medium-sized citruses with bright orange or yellowish peel are sweet;
It is believed that tasty fruits weigh heavier than sour ones. In addition, light-weight citrus fruits have insufficient liquid, a lot of seeds and hard fiber.

Tasty means ripe. When choosing an orange fruit in a store, you should pay attention to:

The skin should be smooth without dents or dark spots. Too loose or, conversely, dry peel indicates a low quality product;
No mold, otherwise such a product will not only not taste good, but will also be harmful to health.

How to choose sweet and seedless tangerines

When we talk about seedless tangerines, of course, we are talking about the Pixie variety. These are bright orange fruits with a large-porous peel that is easy to peel. No other variety can boast such a delicate honey-sweet pulp with a pleasant caramel aftertaste. Another advantage of the Pixie variety is the absence of seeds. The fruits ripen at the end of winter and remain on the trees for six months.

But, as a rule, information about varieties is not indicated on fruit counters in stores and markets. Therefore, we are guided by knowledge about importing countries. If you really want to buy seedless fruits, then be sure to choose a harvest from Abkhazia, Turkey, although there is a high probability that they will turn out to be sour, or from Israel - beautiful, with a shiny crust, but not juicy, even dry-tasting fruits.

Sunny mandarin

Currently, the crop is grown in a variety of countries: India, Spain, Morocco, Egypt, Abkhazia, Georgia, the USA, Argentina and Brazil, as well as in other countries of the world. Do they grow the fruit here and where do tangerines grow in Russia? This variety of citrus fruit is more resistant to sudden temperature changes, so it is widely cultivated around the world, including in Russia. In our country, they grow in the south of the Krasnodar Territory, in Sochi.

History of tangerines

Despite its wide distribution, Southeast Asia is considered the birthplace of citrus. One Chinese manuscript dating back to 1178 describes varieties of oranges and tangerines. These fruits were available only to high society - tangerines. Because of this, the plant received this name.

In China, since the year 1000, there has been a tradition: on New Year's Day, when you come to visit, you give two tangerines to the owners of the house, and when you leave, you receive two other tangerines as a gift. This tradition shows goodwill and wishes for prosperity to the owners of the house and guests.

Travelers brought tangerines from China to Europe and America. It is believed that citrus was brought to Italy only in the nineteenth century. The first tree was brought by Michel Tenor.

Initially, trees were grown in European countries only in greenhouses, but later, in the south of Italy and France and other countries where tangerines currently grow, trees began to be planted in open ground.

There are legends that say that the first trees were brought as a gift to Napoleon himself.

Tangerines in Russia

In Russia, for a long time, people had not even heard of such a fruit, let alone knew where tangerines grow. In the post-war period, children, and even adults of ordinary families, could not afford to buy fruit. This continued until Gorbachev's perestroika. With it, tangerines became more accessible and appeared on the New Year's tables of citizens of the Soviet Union. To this day, Russia has a tradition of celebrating the New Year with tangerines: without them, even a holiday is not a holiday.

Distribution of trees around the world

In 1908-1911 millions of grown seedlings were transported to the Gulf States and America. They began to be grown in large quantities in Texas and California. So many trees were planted in Mexico that it caused the market value of the fruit to decline. For this reason, excess tangerine orchards were destroyed.

In some countries where tangerines grow, they have not gained much popularity due to the disadvantages of commercial use. This is because the fruits must be picked immediately when ripe, otherwise they will fall from the trees and break. Ripe fruits are stored for a relatively short time: the thin peel is susceptible to fungal infections, can dry out, and is damaged during transportation.

However, with established sales channels and a proven delivery system, regions and countries receive fruits with excellent taste and in unlimited quantities.

Growing tangerines today

And in which country where tangerines grow today? Citrus fruits are grown all over the world, but in different quantities. The largest tangerine plantations grow in China, Korea, Brazil, the USA, Morocco, and Abkhazia. Here they are grown for sale to neighboring countries.

Works of breeders

Over their thousand-year history, tangerines have been crossed with a variety of fruits more than once. They were crossed with oranges to create tangors. The fruits are unusually sweet and have virtually no seeds. When combined with kumquat, the result was calamondin. The breeders even remembered ichang. As a result of the work done, they managed to obtain this unusual fruit.

There were attempts to combine mandarin with poncirus - they got citrandarine. In Russia, Mineola is popular - it is a hybrid of grapefruit and tangerine. You can also find uglifruit on store shelves - it is also a hybrid of tangerine and grapefruit, but has a different, sweeter taste.

Tangerines are one of the most famous and diverse groups of edible citrus fruits. Tangerines grow over a wider range than oranges due to their greater tolerance to low temperatures where other citrus fruits freeze. The orange mandarin is native to Southeast Asia and the Philippines. This citrus grows most abundantly in Japan, southern China, India, and is grown for personal consumption in Australia.

Tangerines have long been an exclusively Asian fruit, where they have grown for centuries. Towards Western countries, these fruits moved in small steps, and the appearance of tangerines in new territories was usually associated with the interest of a particular gardener in a certain variety of citrus. Thus, the initial history of the spread of tangerines can be traced through the chronology of the introduction of individual varieties in limited areas.

Two varieties were brought to England from the colony in 1805, they were subsequently distributed in Mediterranean culture, and by 1850 they had become well known in Italy. Around the same time, the Italian consul brought several specimens of tangerine trees to the United States in New Orleans. From there, tangerines reached Florida and California, where they grow on an industrial scale to the present day.

The first tangerines were brought from Japan to the Arab region in 1876. And already from 1908 to 1911, a million grown tangerine tree seedlings were delivered for planting in the Persian Gulf states. In the USA, tangerines began to be grown in states with a less mild climate in Texas, California and Georgia. In Mexico, tangerines were overplanted, causing their market value to decline and excess orchards to be destroyed in the 1970s. There are limited plantings of tangerines in Guatemala and some other areas of tropical America.

These fruits have not achieved high popularity in Western countries because tangerines have several disadvantages for commercial use. During the ripening period, the fruits do not stick well to the trees and the entire harvest must be harvested almost at once. In addition, the fruits have a delicate thin skin that is susceptible to damage, drying out and fungi. Low transportability implies a high price for the end consumer. In this regard, tangerines lose to oranges and grapefruits.

However, with well-established logistics and well-developed distribution channels, the regions adjacent to the places where tangerines are grown receive fruits in practically unlimited volumes and with the best taste characteristics among all citrus fruits. Today, the largest producers of these fruits in the world for export are China, Brazil, Korea, Italy, the USA, Morocco, the countries of the Mediterranean and the Caucasus region, where tangerines grow, grown, as a rule, for sale to neighboring countries.

Tell your friends about it.

Many people associate it with childhood and the New Year tree. They served as a wonderful addition to the holiday table. The wonderful sunny color and special wonderful smell create a positive mood. It is not for nothing that in many Asian countries, mandarin symbolizes happiness and prosperity.

Abkhaz tangerines are especially loved by our compatriots; in Soviet times, this product was actively sold during the New Year period.

With the expansion of trade relations with foreign suppliers, other varieties of tangerines appeared on store shelves, which significantly expanded consumers' understanding of the amazing fruit. Tangerines are a pleasant and healthy delicacy. They are not expensive, so they are frequent guests on our table. The inclusion of citrus fruits in the diet in the autumn-winter period, when the supply of local seasonal fruits dwindles, comes at a perfect time. The level of citrus fruit consumption in our country is constantly growing. Everyone loves fruits, except those who are allergic to the product.

The variety of their species and varieties is amazing. But at the same time, questions arise about which of these fruits are the most healthy and tasty, and whether certain types contain substances hazardous to health. Choosing a product is a responsible task. It is necessary to familiarize yourself in detail with the varieties of tangerines, the characteristics of their growth and transportation.

Types of tangerines and where they grow

The homeland of tangerine trees is Indochina. Having appreciated the undoubted advantages of fruits, our ancestors began to cultivate plants in other regions. Tangerine trees have begun their victorious march across the globe; the average lifespan of a tree is 70 years. Due to their hardiness, the fruit has taken root in areas where other citrus fruits cannot survive. On average, 600-800 fruits are collected from one tree.

From China and India, sweet aromatic citrus fruits moved to Japan. Then they mastered the Mediterranean. They began to be grown in Italy, Spain, France, and Morocco.

The growing conditions of trees leave an imprint on the appearance of the fruits and their taste.

Tangerines are representatives of the Citrus genus. They belong to the Rutov family. This is a branched group of varieties and hydrides. The structure of the fruit is common with other representatives of citrus fruits: a dense peel protects the core, consisting of individual segments of pulp enclosed in a shell. They are distinguished by: rich sweet taste, ease of separating segments of pulp from each other, softness of the peel, easily separated from the pulp.

Otherwise, the variety of fruits is enormous:

The color of the fruit varies from yellowish-green to almost red.
Sizes range from 2 to 8 cm.
The peel may or may not come off easily.
The taste of the fruit is usually sweet or sweet and sour, but there are sour and tart varieties.
The fruits also differ in the presence of seeds. They may not exist or may be present in large quantities.

These differences determine whether the mandarin belongs to a particular species. Let's look at some of the varieties:

Unshiu is a type of tangerine tree adapted to temperate latitudes. Distributed in Georgia, Abkhazia, Crimea, and Krasnodar Territory. The weight of juicy fruits is approximately 70 g.
Austere is a very sweet citrus. A characteristic feature is a rich orange color with a reddish tint.
Tangerines are sunny orange fruits. The thick peel peels off easily and quickly. The soft juicy core has a sweet taste and a weak aroma. They bear fruit from mid-autumn to mid-spring.
In addition to orange ones, another variety of tangerines has been developed - green tangerines, sweet and juicy. They bear fruit almost all year round.
The sweet and sour variety of the Deliciosa species is cultivated in the Mediterranean and China. The shape is a flattened ball 6-7 cm in diameter.
Citrus fruits of the Ponkan variety are distinguished by their original pear-shaped shape. The shell of medium thickness is easily peeled, revealing a juicy tender core, the taste is sweet and sour.
The royal variety Nobilis stands out from the entire family due to its large size. The peel is thick with a lumpy structure. Juicy, aromatic, sweet pulp with a delicate aftertaste.
The varieties Kishiu, Mukaku-kishiu and Shiva-mikan are suitable for growing fruits indoors. The fruits are small, but the plants grow well and bear fruit in a closed space.
Of particular note is the Baby variety, bred in China. The fruits are so small that they are eaten in one go. Baby tangerines are loved for their honey sweetness and incomparable aroma.

Hybrid varieties have significantly expanded the number of citrus varieties. Specimens with unusual taste, color and aroma appeared.
In the Mediterranean, a hybrid of tangerine and orange called. A large, dense, bright orange fruit with a slightly flattened shape. The crust is thin, smooth with a sheen, but tough. The vitamin-rich flesh is juicy and sweet.
Hybrid clementine is grown in 3 types. They differ in the size of the fruit and the number of seeds. Corsican clementine is a variety of seedless tangerines; in Spanish and Montreal there are no more than 10 seeds.
Clemenvillea or clemenvilla is a hydride of tangelo and clementine. Tazhelo, in turn, is a hybrid of tangerine and grapefruit. Clemenvilla is a variety of seedless tangerines.
Agli is a fruit that has a lumpy, irregular shape. Grown as a result of crossing tangerine, grapefruit and orange. Characterized by a grapefruit flavor and a distinct citrus aroma.

When do tangerines ripen?

Despite the fact that market counters are filled with tangerines almost all year, this happens due to proper storage organization.

In general, the peak harvest time is December. In particular, the ripening season depends on the variety and geographical location of tangerine trees.

In Abkhazia, the tangerine harvest season begins in mid-November and ends in mid-December.

In Spain, thanks to a more favorable climate, fruiting continues from early November to late January.

Chinese varieties are ready for harvest in early September.

The harvest season in Turkey begins in mid-October.

Where do tangerines come from to Russia?

Russia is the world's largest importer of tangerines.

The largest volume of supplies of sunny fruits to Russian shelves occurs from November to February.

The number of countries importing products reaches two dozen.

The main supplier of products from neighboring countries is Abkhazia.

Among other countries, the first places are traditionally occupied by Morocco, Turkey, China, Pakistan and Argentina. These products are imported in fairly large volumes from Israel, South Africa and Egypt.

Transportation of goods takes from several days to 2-3 weeks. For these reasons, fruits coming from far abroad are harvested slightly under-ripe. Then they are treated with a wax-like substance to clog the pores of the skin to prevent contact with air.

Abkhazian

In the minds of Russian residents, Abkhaz tangerines are perceived as a guarantee of product quality. Cold-resistant varieties have taken root in Abkhazia, demonstrating excellent consumer qualities.

The transportation route for the product is not long. No processing is required to preserve the presentation, which maintains environmental purity. This product does not need additional advertising. This fact is taken into account by sellers who are trying to sell Chinese or Turkish tangerines under the guise of Abkhazian ones.

You can correctly distinguish Abkhazian tangerines from their “brothers” from far abroad if you take into account a number of factors:

The fruits cannot go on sale before the end of November.
The juicy pulp of the fruit has a pleasant caramel flavor with a slight sourness.
The matte, fairly dense peel separates without difficulty. The shell treated with a special compound will have a smoother sheen.
Abkhazian fruits are quite large, ranging from 5 to 8 cm in diameter.
They are transported in boxes without calibration, which is why the sides of some fruits are flattened.
The main difference from Chinese citruses is the rich, pleasant aroma.

It is better not to delay the consumption of Abkhazian tangerines due to their relatively short shelf life.

In the near future, it is planned to supply Georgian tangerines grown in Adjara to the market. Adjarian sunny fruits have also always been in demand in Russia.

Turkish

Tangerines are mainly grown in the southern regions of Turkey. Fruits appear in markets and stores towards the end of November.

Tangerines from Turkey are characterized by a number of characteristics:

the taste is sweet and sour, sometimes bland;
the yellowish-tinged peel is thin, but difficult to separate from the pulp;
a large number of seeds.

In the tangerine segment, products from Turkey are the cheapest in terms of cost.

Moroccan

Moroccan tangerines are small. The shape resembles a ball flattened in height with a dent in the center. The fruit is harvested at the end of November once a year. Due to the high moisture content, the fruits are very juicy and sweet. The thin peel comes off easily. Seeds are present in small quantities. Ripe fruits are characterized by a rich orange color.

The price-quality index for Moroccan tangerines is optimal.

You can recognize Moroccan tangerines by their black diamond-shaped sticker.

Clementines are often positioned on the market as Moroccan oranges.

Spanish

The most expensive varieties of tangerines come from Spain. They are considered to be the best of the extensive range of the Rutov family.

Fruits from Spain differ in a number of characteristics:

they are medium in size;
tastes sweet;
the porous peel is easily separated from the core;
The presence of seeds depends on the variety.

Common varieties are clementine and clementvillea.

Chinese

The majority of Chinese tangerines arriving on domestic shelves are characterized by:

the presence of a thin matte skin, which allows them to be passed off as Abkhazian;
sweet taste;
lack of specific aroma.

Another common variety of Chinese mandarins is the tangerine. They are characterized by:

small sizes;
thin, easily removable skin with a loose structure;
strong unique aroma;
orange with a reddish tint,
a small amount of seeds.

Mostly tangerines with leaves come from China, which should demonstrate the freshness of the product. However, this is not entirely true, since ripe fruits that are not protected from exposure to air spoil very quickly.

Fears that Chinese citrus fruits are dangerous due to their high nitrate content are unfounded. According to representatives of Roskontrol, nitrates do not accumulate in fruits. In addition, citric and ascorbic acid prevents the accumulation of nitrates.

The main reason for damage to the quality of goods is improper storage.

In the summer months, the demand for tangerines falls due to strong competition from seasonal fruits, but this year, thanks to successful marketing campaigns in Sweden and the USA, the demand for tangerines in the summer did not decrease, but even increased. Uruguay lost part of its harvest due to rain, and tangerine prices rose.

The world capital of tangerine production is China. According to the USDA report, China harvested 20 million tons of tangerines this year, followed by the EU with 3 million tons, Japan with 1.1 million tons, Morocco with 1.07 million tons and Turkey with 1.04 million tons. Among exporters, China also remains in first place with 660 thousand tons, followed by Turkey - 570 thousand tons, Morocco - 460 thousand tons, EU - 260 thousand tons.

Australia: the new season is gaining momentum

The tangerine harvest in Australia begins at the end of July with the Alfoura (Nadorcott) variety. This year's harvest is slightly smaller than last year's due to the 2-year harvest cycle. Australian tangerines are exported to many countries around the world, including the USA and Canada. According to Australian exporters, mandarin markets in North America are currently overloaded with supplies from South Africa and Latin America. Australia is delaying deliveries to the Middle East; the market there is also overstocked with tangerines from South Africa. Meanwhile, deliveries to Europe continue. Deliveries to Japan began in August. Australian exporters also supply their closest neighbor, New Zealand, with tangerines. Particularly popular are tangerines without grains, with easily removable peels.

South Africa: Focus on Middle Eastern countries

A sharp increase in export volumes to the Middle East provoked a drop in prices for tangerines from 1000-1200 US dollars/t. up to 800-900 USD/t., FOB. Supply clearly exceeded demand. The quality of exported tangerines is excellent.

The production of 1st class tangerines has increased significantly; if previously they were sent only to EU countries, and 2nd class tangerines were sent to the Middle East, now 1st class shipments to the Middle East are becoming the norm. Today, exports are concentrated in the dollar markets of the Middle and Far East. Russia is also seen as a promising export destination. Due to the boycott, the Middle East is literally flooded with tangerines from Europe and the Southern Hemisphere, which has affected prices.

Argentina: export volumes are growing

The export market is showing steady growth: supply volumes are growing, prices for tangerines are stable. The Russian market is less active than in previous years, but quite stable. Another interesting destination for Argentina is Indonesia. The efforts of Argentine exporters today are aimed at increasing the share of the Indonesian tangerine market, where Australia is the main competitor, but Argentine tangerines have one undeniable advantage in their arsenal - price.

Peru: return to the market

Peru suspended export operations over the summer. The rains delayed the harvest of tangerines, but did not cause any damage to the crop. Today, export supplies have been restored. This season is characterized by increased demand for tangerines from Peru, which is associated with small volumes of new harvests in other countries.

Uruguay: small harvest, high prices

Adverse weather conditions delayed the harvest of tangerines and affected the size and quality of the fruit. Large volumes of crops that were intended for export are sold at the border due to poor quality. Exports to Europe fell by 50%. Prices are 20% higher than standard. Exporters are looking for new markets in Saudi Arabia and Canada.

Sweden: Promotion of tangerines with easy peeling

The volume of the summer tangerine market is only 10% of the winter market. Swedish grocery chains, in an effort to boost summer sales of tangerines, have been running a marketing campaign for the second year to promote tangerines with easily peeled peels, which are convenient to eat on the beach and on a picnic. The campaign is supported by direct supplies of tangerines from South Africa. According to supermarket reports, over 2 years the campaign managed to increase summer sales.

Poland: Poles prefer local fruits

In summer, no one buys tangerines in Poland; Poles prefer seasonal strawberries and cherries. Interest in tangerines appears in October-November.

Holland: last year's tangerines have not yet been eaten, but new ones are already on the market

New harvest Nadorcott tangerines from Peru and South Africa appeared on the market earlier than usual, and last season's clementines, minneolas and satsumas tangerines were out of stock. Prices for Nadorcott tangerines range from 16-19 euros, while prices for the seedless Tango variety are slightly higher.

France: the tangerine market is moping

Most French importers focus on tangerines from Morocco, Israel and Spain, exports from which are still limited. Consumers are still buying seasonal fruits, and the demand for tangerines is small.

Israel: world star in the tangerine market – Orr variety

Half of Israeli citrus growers grow Orr clementine tangerines. Israel has the highest per capita consumption of tangerines. However, Orr tangerines are mainly exported due to high demand in international markets.

Orr mandarins were developed in the 70s after demand for Shamouti oranges fell and quickly gained international recognition. Today, 95% of tangerines of this variety are exported, primarily to Europe. Among European countries, the largest share of exports goes to France - 44%, followed by other European countries - 12% and Scandinavia - 11%, the USA and Canada - 12%. Due to high demand and good reputation, the production of tangerines in Israel is considered the most profitable business.

Domestic demand for tangerines is high. The Orr and Michal varieties are popular in the domestic market. However, the Orr season is relatively short - from January to March; other varieties of tangerines cover demand in spring and autumn.

China: expecting a big harvest

The new tangerine season starts in September/November, but last year, prolonged rains in November delayed the start of the season and caused significant damage to the crop. This year the weather situation is more or less normal. The main tangerine plantations are located in the provinces of Guangxi, Jiangxi, Hunan, Zhejiang and Hebei. Experts believe that the tangerine harvest in China this year will increase by 3% and reach 20 million tons.

In summer, China imports tangerines from Australia and South Africa. At the Shanghai wholesale market, prices for Australian tangerines remained at $2,354/t.

USA: demand for tangerines is growing even in summer

A multi-year marketing campaign promoting easy-to-peel tangerines has increased the demand for tangerines during the summer. Tangerines are mainly imported from Chile and Peru. Supplies are growing. The tangerine market is stable, although some shortages in Chilean tangerine exports may affect prices. In Los Angeles, prices for Chilean tangerines of the clementines variety (size 20) sell for $26-30/kg, and for size 36 - for $20-24/kg.

What do we know about mandarin? Lovers tangerines Of course they will say: “This is so delicious!” And you can't argue with that! But tangerines gained popularity not only for their taste, but also beneficial properties. Benefits of tangerine can be obtained as at home, so in the treatment of certain diseases.

Oh, these wonderful companions of all New Year holidays. Undoubtedly, it is the tangerine that is the head of the entire fruit basket. It is placed in all kinds of gift sets, and lovers of New Year's fairs cannot ignore this New Year's attribute. The rich smell, color and sweet and sour taste have helped this small fruit gain wild popularity. Previously, back in the Soviet Union, tangerine was considered an expensive product, so it was traditionally given only on holidays. Now “tangerine maniacs” can enjoy their favorite fruit from the very first picking. And although the taste of early citrus fruits leaves much to be desired, this does not stop them. So let's take a closer look at this charming fruit.

The Legend of the Mandarin

Undoubtedly, the fruit takes its “roots” from China, where it had a special New Year’s significance. Tangerines are a fairly old type of citrus fruit, which was previously practically unsuitable for food due to its acidity with a drop of bitterness. But the bright yellow fruits were so eye-catching that they couldn’t just stand aside. And before the start of cultural cultivation, they were already the main attribute of the Chinese New Year. When visiting relatives, guests always brought with them two tangerines, which meant “gold” and were supposed to give wealth and prosperity to the owners who were given this fruit. When the guests began to go home, the owners of the house also gave them two tangerines on the road so that they would bring wealth and prosperity to their home. Only after the cultivation of this wild tree did tangerines become not only a symbolic gift, but also a tasty addition.

Interesting facts about tangerines

Despite its small size, the tangerine’s vitamin composition is in no way inferior to a whole orange. And to some extent it even wins. Therefore, if you don’t “respect” oranges, or simply don’t like the hassle of peeling an orange, then just buy one medium-sized tangerine. There are enough vitamins for you.
Due to the large amount of vitamin C, tangerine is good for teeth. It helps prevent and prevent rotting and bleeding gums. But your enamel will not be too happy with the amount of acid that corrodes it and will be grateful to you if you rinse your mouth after eating tangerine.
I think you can tell by the bright orange color of this citrus fruit that it contains beta-carotene, which is very good for vision. This is especially true for older people, because the vitamins contained in tangerines slow down the process of natural vision deterioration.
Mandarin is a rather mysterious fruit, because scientists have not yet come to a common conclusion about the origin of the name. Some attribute its creation to the Spaniards, because “tangerine” sounds very similar to “easy to clean,” which is not strange, because tangerine is really easy to separate from the skin.
Other sources say that this citrus fruit was named after the Mandarin Island where they grew. Another theory says that they were named after the Chinese nobles, who were called tangerines, because “two tangerines” literally translates to “gold.”
The following fact is for those who grow tangerines at home. During harvesting, do not pick tangerines, but cut them with scissors, but so that there is no long “leg”. This way the tangerines will be stored much longer.
If you stocked up on tangerines in advance in order to later use them for gifts, then you should know that tangerines should be stored in the refrigerator in the vegetable compartment, because this is where the ideal humidity and temperature are maintained. In a dry place, tangerines will dry out quickly.

The use of tangerine in everyday life and more...

We all know that this citrus fruit is used during illnesses and they are a standard treat for someone with a cold. But what about other beneficial properties of tangerine?

Of course, pulp and juice are the main source of vitamins and nutrients. But what about the peels that we throw away, although very, very in vain.

If you want your tea to smell like tangerine, then simply add the peel to a hot drink; in addition to the smell, the peel will give the tea a slight bitterish-sour taste, which is inherent in citrus.
When baking for New Year's, sometimes you just want a citrus smell in a pie, cake or cookies, but you don't want to buy artificial flavors, especially if these sweets are for children. Here, too, orange peel will help you out. Grate it on a fine grater and add to the dough. You are guaranteed a pleasant aroma throughout the whole house.
If suddenly a moth has settled in your closet, which simply does not allow your things to live, dry several tangerine skins and put them in the closet. After just a few days of insects, as if nothing had happened!
Houseplants are often damaged by pets. Especially cats and cats, who love to eat plants to replenish their supply of vitamins. But you can replenish the supply with the help of food or special treats, but plants can be protected with the help of tangerine skins. Put a few fresh skins in the pot, and your plant will no longer be so attractive to these big-eared pranksters.
Do you want your house to smell like tangerines? No problem! Break the tangerine peel into small pieces and place in a container. Ready! Now your room will be filled with tangerine smell. If you have an aroma lamp, then you can simply buy tangerine oil and inhale the pleasant and healthy smell.
If you are a fan of delicious cooking, then dried ground tangerine peels will be a great helper! Especially when it comes to meat.
Alcohol lovers should know that adding tangerine peel to vodka makes its taste richer and gives it a citrus aroma.
The Japanese are people who know how to save money and do it wisely. Especially when it comes to Japanese women who love to use everything natural. They did not ignore the tangerine peel. They add the skins, dried in a tight bag, to a hot bath. After the peel gets wet, they rub it on their body. This allows you to saturate the skin, making it softer, tighter and shiny.

Mandarin in folk medicine

Tangerine tincture to increase appetite and treat cough (with vodka)

As you know, tangerines are excellent helpers for colds. But they also help improve digestion. This tincture does not taste the most pleasant, but it helps just fine!

You need:

Dried tangerine peel;
Vodka.

Grind the skin to a powder. Take two tablespoons of tangerine powder and pour it into a glass of 250 milliliters of vodka. Leave for 10 days in a dark place. Take 30 drops of infusion, diluting with water in a ratio of 1:10. Drink in the morning, at lunch and in the evening half an hour before meals.

Tangerine tincture for cough (in water)

If you need to cure a child’s cough, then vodka tincture will not suit you. To do this, you can prepare a tincture of water that is suitable for children.

You will need:

Dried tangerine peel;
Water.

Grind the skin to a powder. Pour 2 tablespoons into one and a half glasses of water, 250 milliliters each. Place on the stove. Simmer over low heat for 11 minutes. Then leave the broth for 1 hour. After it sits, strain it. This infusion should be taken half an hour before meals in the amount of two tablespoons.

Tangerine infusion for mastitis

This is a fairly common problem for young mothers or mothers who have just acquired a new baby. But even here the tangerine will save you. Don't despair and stock up on tangerine peels.

You will need:

Liquorice root;
Dried tangerine peel;
Water.

Grind the licorice and peel to a powder. Take 3 tablespoons of skins and 1 tablespoon of licorice root. Then fill it all with half a liter of water. Simmer over low heat for 10 minutes. The tincture should stand for an hour, after which it must be strained. Take 1 teaspoon twice a day half an hour before meals. Also, do not forget to apply a compress from this infusion to the affected area.

Tangerine infusion to prevent colds (with vodka)

When winter and illness come, you can protect yourself with vodka tincture. Since it contains alcohol, it should not be given to children. But this infusion will definitely protect you from a nasty cold.

You need to take:

Fresh tangerine peel;
Vodka.

Grind the peel as much as possible. Take 2 tablespoons of skins and pour 1 tablespoon of vodka over them. It is necessary to insist for 10 days in a pantry or other dark place. When the infusion is ready, strain it and squeeze out the skins. It should be taken twice a day, in the amount of 20 drops half an hour before meals.

Mandarin remedy for flatulence

This is a fairly common, but far from pleasant problem. It occurs often, but you can fight it. This is especially true for older people, who often become hostage to flatulence.

You need:

Dry tangerine zest.

Grind the zest to a powder. It should be taken half a teaspoon before meals. Or it can be used as a dietary supplement by adding it to food.

And so, today we got acquainted with such a healthy citrus fruit as tangerine. can be used in different life situations. Mandarin is perfectly used during various illnesses, but it is no less useful in everyday life. Each of its components, from seed to peel, can help you or decorate your life. And since the New Year holidays are already very close, remember that you should not throw away the tangerine peel, because it will become an excellent helper both in winter and in summer.

Eat tangerines, be healthy and happy!

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