Hello dears.
Let us continue with you a short journey into the past of the Russian confectionery industry. Last time we stopped here:
Today we’ll talk about another candy and chocolate giant, which has become extremely popular in the country not only because of the excellent quality of its products, but also because of its design.
Today we will talk about the “Einman Partnership”, or more precisely “Einem. Partnership of the Steam Factory of Chocolates and Tea Cookies”.
Some of the leaders of this field in the pre-revolutionary Empire began very modestly. In 1846, 22-year-old German businessman Ferdinand Theodore von Einem arrived in Moscow. He was born in Prussia, but had Württemberg citizenship. He came not alone, but with his wife Caroline (née Müller), because he saw great prospects in our country.
F. Einem
He started out in the sugar business, but very quickly switched to the retail sale of sweets. I really loved this business. 
By 1850 he founded a small workshop that produced chocolate and candies. I rented a small room in Areoli’s house on Arbat and hired 4 craftsmen. And things started happening right away. Either because there were no competitors in the area, or because of German pedantry and attention to detail, or the product was of high quality. In 1853 he joined the third guild of Moscow merchants. And in 1853-1856, during the Crimean War, Einem was able to enter the state order, and as the documents say, he “honorably completed the contract” for the supply of jam and syrups for the Russian army.
This gave free money and promoted Fyodor Karlovich (and Einem, who had completely Russified by that time, asked to be called that way) in his big and beautiful dream. And his dream was to create a real chocolate factory in Moscow. However, there was not enough energy and finances for this matter. 
Everything changed in 1856. It was then that Einem was able to find reliable Russian partners - Colonel Lermontov and collegiate secretary Romanov, each of whom invested 5 thousand rubles in the business. silver They rented premises on Petrovka, in Rudakov’s house, for ten years and set up a confectionery factory there, producing ten types of chocolate, chocolates, and pralines. Well, the following year he had a fateful meeting.
Y. Geis
In the process of choosing a house and purchasing reliable equipment for his factory, Einem became close to the Moscow German Julius Geis. The priest's son, Julius Geis, was six years younger than Einem. Before meeting Einem, he had already worked as a traveling salesman in Germany, then in his relatives’ store in Odessa, and then lived in Moscow for almost 10 years, working in private companies and in municipal structures for street lighting with kerosene and gas. Geis gave the impression of being a reliable and thorough person. Einem realized that this was exactly the kind of person he needed to develop his business. On May 12, 1870, an agreement was concluded between the partners in Berlin, according to which Einem received 60% and Geis 40% of the profits. As his share, Geis contributed all his own property worth 20 thousand rubles to the business. This is how "Einem" was formed. Partnership for a steam factory of chocolate sweets and tea cookies.
This money made it possible to order the latest steam engine from Europe and begin building a factory on the banks of the Moscow River.
On August 1, 1871, the new factory building on Sofiyskaya Embankment began to operate. And already in the same year, Einem’s factory became the largest of five chocolate factories in Moscow. It produced almost half of the products of all Moscow enterprises, namely: 32 tons of chocolate, 160 tons of chocolates, 24 tons of “tea biscuits” (those English biscuits) and 64 tons of crushed sugar, totaling 300 thousand rubles. (of which 246 thousand rubles were for chocolate).
This was a major breakthrough. I must say that Fyodor Karlovich was a very good person and did a lot of charity work. For every pound of new cookies sold, Einem donated five kopecks in silver, of which half the amount went to charitable institutions in Moscow, and the other half to the German School for the Poor and Orphans. Big money, by the way.
The comrades also paid great attention to the design of their products. The company was advertised through theatrical programs and surprise sets with postcards included in a box of chocolates. The factory had its own composer write music for it, and the buyer, along with caramel or chocolate, received free notes from the “Chocolate Waltz,” “Monpensier Waltz,” or “Cupcake Gallop.” In addition, exclusive candies were always sold along with special accessories - branded napkins, postcards and special candy tweezers were included in the boxes. 
However, Einem began to get very sick and had heart problems. He spent more time recovering than working, so Geis offered to buy him out. By the time of the death of Fyodor Karlovich in Berlin in 1876 (who, by the way, bequeathed to bury himself in Moscow, which was done), the partnership was completely owned by Julius Geis, who, out of respect for his former business partner, did not change the name. It was Julius who was able to make the company one of the largest and most famous in the country. By the beginning of the 20th century, the Einem company owned two factories in Moscow, branches in Simferopol and Riga, several stores in Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod. 
In 1896, at the All-Russian Industrial and Art Exhibition in Nizhny Novgorod, Einem products were awarded a gold medal, and in 1900, the company received the Grand Prix at the World Exhibition in Paris for the range and quality of chocolate. 
In 1913, Einem was awarded the title of supplier to the court of His Imperial Majesty. But Julius Geis himself did not live to see this day. He died in 1907 at the age of 75.
Back at the end of the 19th century, Julius Fedorovich (and Geis also finally became Russified) began to attract his five eldest sons to work: Julius, Voldemar, Albert, Oscar and Karl. After the death of Julius Fedorovich, the eldest son Julius Yulievich Geis became the managing director, the directors were Voldemar Yulievich and Oskar Yulievich, and the candidate for director was Karl Yulievich. Another son, Albert, was not formally on the board, but at the same time managed a factory in Crimea. 
By 1910, fixed capital reached 1.5 million rubles. It consisted of one thousand shares of 5,000 rubles each. and two thousand shares of 500 rubles. The joint-stock enterprise was in fact family in nature - the shareholders were nine people from the Geis family 
In July 1916, the cost of the Einem company's real estate alone amounted to 3,518,377 rubles. 88 kop. The partnership employed about 3,000 workers. It all ended with the revolution. The Gays left the country.
In 1918, the Einem factory was nationalized and renamed State Confectionery Factory No. 1, which emphasized the leading position of the enterprise in the domestic confectionery industry. In honor of the fifth anniversary of the revolution, the factory received the name “Red October”, to which was added “formerly. Einem" until the early 1930s
Well, you probably all know the “Red October” brand :-)
To be continued....
Have a nice time of day.
In 1886 Y. Geis creates the joint-stock company “Einem Steam Factory of Chocolate, Sweets and Tea Cookies Partnership.” The company's turnover increased rapidly and by 1914. reaches 7,800,000 rubles. The total number of workers and employees is 2,800 people. All production in factories is equipped with the latest technologies of the time with the most ideal hygiene and cleanliness. Supplying vast Russia with its products, Einem has six elegantly furnished stores, which are very popular in the capital and its environs. At the All-Russian Exhibition in 1896. (Nizhny Novgorod) The Einem Partnership was awarded the State Emblem, and at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1900 - two Grand-Prix.
In 1913, the Einem Partnership was honored to become a supplier to the Court of His Imperial Majesty.
 Factory workers |
November 15, 1918 The factory was nationalized and received the name “State Confectionery Factory No. 1”. July 13, 1922 The general meeting of the factory's workforce decided to rename State Factory No. 1 (formerly Einem) to the Red October factory. From 1922 to May 31, 1934 The factory was under the jurisdiction of MSNH (Moscow Council of the National Economy under the Moscow-regional trade department "Mosselprom".
During the Great Patriotic War, 50% of the equipment was evacuated to the city of Kuibyshev, more than 500 people volunteered for the front, the factory continued to produce confectionery products even in larger volumes than later in peacetime in the 50s. The products went to the front. At this time, a new chocolate “Gvardeysky” was created by order of the government. Since 1942 Pilots began to receive it, and the factory produced Cola chocolate for submarine sailors. Workshop No. 6 was created at the factory to produce products for the front: flame arresters for aircraft, colored smoke bombs for the navy, porridge concentrates in briquettes. The factory was awarded the Banner of the State Defense Committee as the winner in the socialist competition.
After the war, reconstruction of the factory begins. Production lines are being introduced for the first time. In 1947-49. The caramel shop was automated in 1951 - 53. – chocolate and candy shops.
Since 1959 The factory is called the Moscow Confectionery Factory "Red October". In 1961 For the first time in the USSR, complex mechanized production lines for the production of cast iris were created at the factory. By 1965 The factory operated 40 complex mechanized production lines for the production of confectionery products. The production lines developed by the Red October factory were installed in almost all confectionery production in the Soviet Union. New varieties of sweets, caramel, and chocolate were developed and produced on these lines. 
July 8, 1966 By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, “Red October” was awarded the highest government award - the Order of Lenin.
“Red October” constantly developed and released new varieties of products: “Red Poppy”®, candies “Stolichnye”®, “Truffles”®, “Yuzhny Nut”®, “Golden Label”® and others. In 1965 The factory began to produce new milk chocolate “Alenka”®, which later became the factory’s most famous brand. In 1977, the Red October confectionery factory was transformed into an experimental one. 1996 – “Red October” was renamed into OJSC “Red October”. 2002 - within the framework of the growing influence of transnational corporations in the Russian market, in order for domestic producers to create worthy competition for foreign confectionery manufacturers, Red October OJSC became part of the United Confectioners holding.
The new production site of the Red October factory opened on the territory of the Babaevsky Concern in 2007. The transfer was carried out in stages, without stopping the production process. The new building of Red October has equipment for the production of chocolate masses, glazes, chocolate, chocolate bars and candies with a variety of fillings. 
Currently, the factory produces more than 240 types of confectionery products under the brands “Alenka”®, “Mishka Kosolapyy”®, “Little Red Riding Hood”® and others.
The foundation of the Red October confectionery factory goes back to the late 40s - early 50s. XIX century. In 1846, a Prussian subject, Ferdinand Theodor Einem, arrived in Moscow. On December 6, 1849, the confectioner “had the good fortune to deliver” products of his skill to the table of members of the imperial family, and for those products he received the highest approval of the Empress and Grand Duchesses. In 1851, he opened a small shop producing sawn sugar and chocolate on Arbat. By the end of the 60s, the Einem company was already known in the Russian confectionery market, its turnover was growing rapidly and there was a need to build a large factory. In 1867 A factory opens on Sofiyskaya Embankment, right opposite the Kremlin. At this time, only 20 workers are working at the factory. In 1870 a three-story biscuit factory is being built on Bersenevskaya embankment, and since 1889. The territory on Bolotny Island is beginning to be actively developed. Since 1869 F.T. Einem invites Julius Geis as a partner, who buys out 20% of the company's shares, and after Einem's death in 1876. becomes the owner of the company. By this time, Einem’s enterprise had two factories in Moscow: (on the Sofiyskaya and Bersenevskaya embankments), a workshop for the production of fruit juices and compotes in Simferopol, and three stores on the central streets of Moscow. Turnover of the enterprise in 1876 has already reached 600,000 rubles.
In 1886 Y. Geis creates the joint-stock company “Einem Steam Factory of Chocolate, Sweets and Tea Cookies Partnership.” The company's turnover increased rapidly and by 1914. reaches 7,800,000 rubles. The total number of workers and employees is 2,800 people. All production in factories is equipped with the latest technologies of the time with the most ideal hygiene and cleanliness. Supplying vast Russia with its products, Einem has six elegantly furnished stores, which are very popular in the capital and its environs. At the All-Russian Exhibition in 1896. (Nizhny Novgorod) The Einem Partnership was awarded the State Emblem, and at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1900 - two Grand-Prix.
In 1913, the Einem Partnership was honored to become a supplier to the Court of His Imperial Majesty.
November 15, 1918 The factory was nationalized and received the name “State Confectionery Factory No. 1”. July 13, 1922 The general meeting of the factory's workforce decided to rename State Factory No. 1 (formerly Einem) to the Red October factory. From 1922 to May 31, 1934 The factory was under the jurisdiction of MSNH (Moscow Council of the National Economy under the Moscow-regional trade department "Mosselprom".
During the Great Patriotic War, 50% of the equipment was evacuated to the city of Kuibyshev, more than 500 people volunteered for the front, the factory continued to produce confectionery products even in larger volumes than later in peacetime in the 50s. The products went to the front. At this time, a new chocolate “Gvardeysky” was created by order of the government. Since 1942 Pilots began to receive it, and the factory produced Cola chocolate for submarine sailors. Workshop No. 6 was created at the factory to produce products for the front: flame arresters for aircraft, colored smoke bombs for the navy, porridge concentrates in briquettes. The factory was awarded the Banner of the State Defense Committee as the winner in the socialist competition.
After the war, reconstruction of the factory begins. Production lines are being introduced for the first time. In 1947-49. The caramel shop was automated in 1951 - 53. – chocolate and candy shops.
Since 1959 The factory is called the Moscow Confectionery Factory "Red October". In 1961 For the first time in the USSR, complex mechanized production lines for the production of cast iris were created at the factory. By 1965 The factory operated 40 complex mechanized production lines for the production of confectionery products. The production lines developed by the Red October factory were installed in almost all confectionery production in the Soviet Union. New varieties of sweets, caramel, and chocolate were developed and produced on these lines.
July 8, 1966 By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, “Red October” was awarded the highest government award - the Order of Lenin.
“Red October” constantly developed and released new varieties of products: “Red Poppy”®, candies “Stolichnye”®, “Truffles”®, “Yuzhny Nut”®, “Golden Label”® and others. In 1965 The factory began to produce new milk chocolate “Alenka”®, which later became the factory’s most famous brand. In 1977, the Red October confectionery factory was transformed into an experimental one. 1996 – “Red October” was renamed into OJSC “Red October”. 2002 - within the framework of the growing influence of transnational corporations in the Russian market, in order for domestic producers to create worthy competition for foreign confectionery manufacturers, Red October OJSC became part of the United Confectioners holding.
The new production site of the Red October factory opened on the territory of the Babaevsky Concern in 2007. The transfer was carried out in stages, without stopping the production process. The new building of Red October has equipment for the production of chocolate masses, glazes, chocolate, chocolate bars and candies with a variety of fillings.
Currently, the factory produces more than 240 types of confectionery products under the brands “Alenka”®, “Mishka Kosolapyy”®, “Little Red Riding Hood”® and others.
The father of the main character of our project, Tikhon Lukin, works as a caramel line adjuster at a confectionery factory.
I think that readers of our wall newspaper will be interested in learning the history of the Soviet and pre-Soviet (Russian) confectionery industry.
Before the revolution, there were several large confectionery factories in Russia:
Einem's factory (now "Red October"), Sioux (now "Bolshevik"), Abrikosov and Georges Bormann factory.
If you have a sweet tooth for the project, get ready. In this and other posts I will try to describe the history of these wonderful factories.
History of the Einem confectionery factory
Here he is - Theodor-Ferdinand von Einem (Photo from the late 19th century). Really pretty?
So... in 1850, a German citizen, Theodor Ferdinand von Eymann, came to Moscow full of hope. In the same year, he opened the production of sawn sugar, but apparently failed in this business because... Already in 1851 he opened a small confectionery on Arbat producing chocolate and sweets!
Only 4 masters worked in this workshop!
During the “Crimean War” of 1853-1956, the confectionery shop supplied its products to the front, as a result of which it was possible to earn enough capital to expand production and move to Myasnitskaya Street!
In 1857, our hero meets the talented businessman Julius Geis, whom he takes as a partner.
Here he is - Julius Geis
Together they open a confectionery on Teatralnaya Square, order the latest steam engine from Europe and begin building a factory on Sofiyskaya and then on Bersenevskaya embankment of the Moscow River.
In the directory “Factory Enterprises of the Russian Empire” an entry was made about this fact: “Einem. Partnership for a steam factory of chocolate sweets and tea cookies. Founded 1867"
This is the factory:
The company had awards received at all-Russian manufacturing exhibitions: a bronze medal in 1864 (Odessa), a silver medal in 1865 (Moscow).
The excellent quality of confectionery products, the technical equipment of the factory, colorful packaging and advertising put the factory at one of the leading places in the confectionery production of that time.
After Einem’s death in 1878, Geis took sole charge of the factory, but did not change the company name, which had become popular among Muscovites.
For every pound of new cookies sold, Einem donated five kopecks in silver, of which half the amount went to charitable institutions in Moscow, and the other half to the German School for the Poor and Orphans.
The working day in those days was 10 hours. The confectioners, most of whom came from villages near Moscow, lived in a dormitory at the factory and ate in the factory canteen.
The factory administration provided workers with some benefits:
a school was opened for apprentice children;
for 25 years of impeccable service, a silver name badge was issued and a pension was assigned;
a health insurance fund was created that provided financial assistance to those in need;
Factory workers:
In 1896, at the All-Russian Industrial and Art Exhibition in Nizhny Novgorod, Einem products were awarded a gold medal; in 1900, the company received the Grand Prix at the World Exhibition in Paris for the range and quality of chocolate. In 1913, Einem was awarded the title of supplier to the court of His Imperial Majesty.
Photo from the 1896 exhibition:
By the beginning of the 20th century, Einem owned two factories in Moscow, branches in Simferopol and Riga, several stores in Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod.
During the First World War, the Einem company was engaged in charitable activities: donating money, organizing a hospital for wounded soldiers, sending wagons with cookies to the front.
After the October Revolution of 1917, the factory was nationalized and became known as “State Confectionery Factory No. 1, former Einem”; in 1922 it was renamed “Red October”.
What did the Einem confectionery produce?
The factory produced: caramel, candies, chocolate, cocoa drinks, marshmallows, cookies, gingerbread, biscuits. After opening branches in Crimea (Simferopol), Einem began producing chocolate-coated fruits - plums, cherries, pears, and marmalade.
The factory paid special attention to sonorous names and stylish packaging (Geis was once an artistic photographer).
Consider such names as “Empire”, “Mignon”, chocolate “Boyarsky”, “Golden Label”! Boxes with products were finished with silk, velvet, and leather. Vrubel, Bakst, Bilibin and Benois worked on creating packaging and postcard designs!
Housewives were offered elegant jars for bulk products, decorated with company logos. Excellent geographical maps were produced - with detailed information about the country depicted and with the obligatory signature.
Composer Karl Feldman wrote “chocolate melodies” on a special order from the Einem Partnership.
The notes “Cupcake Gallop”, “Chocolate Waltz”, “Waltz Montpensier”, “Cocoa Dance” were sold out no worse than fashionable treats, especially since they, of course, included sweets. The sets were in great demand, especially on the eve of the holidays.
Well, of course, they remembered about the children - who can resist the request of a sweet tooth to buy even the smallest candy.
Such chocolate machines were installed in stores. By dropping a 10-kopeck coin into it and moving the lever, the kid would catch a tiny chocolate bar weighing 5-6 g jumping out of the window. It is worth noting that at that time this was not such small money: Russia had just begun to produce its own chocolate, and he was not cheap.
Among the flour products, small pot-bellied salted fish stood out, especially attracting beer lovers. But even children who did not drink beer eagerly gnawed at these figures. Even more interesting were the colored marzipan figures depicting carrots, turnips, cucumbers, and some animals. They were sometimes hung on the Christmas tree, to the great delight of the little ones.
Among the cakes was a cake with the unusual name “Love Me” at different prices. Witty buyers told young saleswomen: “Please, “Love me” for three rubles” :)
“I got a bar of chocolate
And I don't need a friend.
I say in front of everyone:
“I’ll eat it all.” Come on, take it away!”
Embroidery for Ladies:
Having talked about the spirits of Brocard and Rale, I cannot help but mention another industry of which the Russian Empire was rightfully proud. Imagine, in 1900, at the World Exhibition in Paris, for the huge range and excellent quality of chocolate, the Russian factory “Einem” received the highest award - the Grand Prix. So, just a century ago we could call Russian chocolate the best in the world. “Einem” was like a sign for Russian chocolate at the beginning of the 20th century.
On the chocolates there was a well-fed toddler with an unkind look and a bat for rounders in his hands. The provocative label was also complemented by a charming poem:
“I got a bar of chocolate
And I don't need a friend.
I say in front of everyone:
“I’ll eat it all.” Come on, take it away!”
Oh, they truly knew how to please discerning customers. Boxes with products were decorated with silk, velvet, leather - these were real small works of art. The factory was a supplier to the court of His Imperial Majesty and received the right to print the coat of arms of Russia on the packaging. The sets included postcards with congratulations. The factory had its own composer write music, and the buyer, along with caramel or chocolate, received free notes from the “Chocolate Waltz,” “Monpensier Waltz,” or “Cupcake Gallop.” Among the flour products, small pot-bellied salted fish stood out, especially attracting beer lovers. But even children who did not drink beer eagerly gnawed at these figures. Even more interesting were the colored marzipan figures depicting carrots, turnips, cucumbers, and some animals. They were sometimes hung on the Christmas tree, to the great delight of the little ones.
Among the cakes was a cake with the unusual name “Love Me” at different prices. Witty buyers told young saleswomen: “Please, “Love me” for three rubles” :)
And it began back in 1850, when the founder of the factory, a German citizen Ferdinand Theodor von Einem, came to Moscow in the hope of starting his own business. At first he started producing sawn sugar, then (in 1851) he organized a small workshop on Arbat for the production of chocolate and candies. In 1857, Einem met his future partner, Julius Heuss, who had extraordinary talent as a businessman. Together they acted more confidently and opened a confectionery store on Teatralnaya Square. Having accumulated sufficient capital, entrepreneurs ordered the latest steam engine from Europe and began building a factory on the banks of the Moskva River, on Sofiyskaya Embankment. In the directory “Factory Enterprises of the Russian Empire” an entry was made about this fact: “Einem. Partnership for a steam factory of chocolate sweets and tea cookies. Founded 1867." A working day at the factory in those days was 10 hours. The confectioners, most of whom came from villages near Moscow, lived in a dormitory at the factory and ate in the factory canteen. The factory administration provided workers with some benefits:
* a school was opened for apprentice children;
* for 25 years of impeccable service, a silver name badge was issued and a pension was assigned;
* a health insurance fund was created that provided financial assistance to those in need;
Caramel, sweets, chocolate, cocoa drinks, marshmallows, cookies, gingerbread, and biscuits were produced. After opening a branch in Crimea (Simferopol), Einem began producing chocolate-coated fruits - plums, cherries, pears, and marmalade.
"Einem Partnership" successfully competed with other confectionery magnates - for example, "Abrikosov and Sons", but I plan to write about them later (of course, if you want).
The excellent quality of confectionery products, the technical equipment of the factory, colorful packaging and advertising put the factory at one of the leading places in the confectionery production of that time.
By the beginning of the 20th century. The Einem corporation owned two factories in Moscow, factories in Simferopol and Riga, and numerous stores in Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod.
During the difficult years of the First World War, the Einem company was engaged in charitable activities: it made monetary donations, organized a hospital for wounded soldiers, and sent wagons with cookies to the front.
After the October Revolution, in 1918, the factory was nationalized, and in the same year it received the name “State Confectionery Factory No. 1, former Einem”, and in 1922 it was renamed “Red October”, although several years after that in parentheses “Formerly” was always added. Einem” - the popularity of the brand was so great, and the quality of the products was appreciated.
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