What is better for alcohol poisoning. Alcohol poisoning what to do at home

Alcohol intoxication is a poisoning of the body that has arisen due to a large dose of drunk alcoholic beverages. This condition causes a lot of inconvenience, interferes with productive work and can lead to many dangerous symptoms and complications.

Many people in our time do not know how to remove alcohol intoxication at home, so they resort to the help of folk methods, the use of which does not lead to the desired result. However, in order to learn how to get rid of the disease, you need to be able to recognize it, and for this it is worth studying the symptoms of poisoning.

Symptoms of alcohol poisoning

Alcoholic beverages do not affect all people equally. Their action is due to the amount of alcohol consumed and the individual characteristics of the body. However, the signs of alcohol intoxication are always the same:

Severe nausea, vomiting.
Seizures may occur, but this is not a mandatory symptom.
Problems with the mental state.
Possibly a coma.
Breathing is too slow, the intervals between breaths are 10 seconds or more.
Body temperature drops sharply.
The skin turns pale sharply, a blue tint may appear.
Headache or dizziness, which occurs due to disorders of the cerebellum, provoked by alcohol.
pathological thirst.

Symptoms of alcohol poisoning can vary depending on the degree of intoxication.

What stages does the body go through?

There are 3 degrees of alcohol intoxication. Each of them is accompanied by certain symptoms, and in the future - consequences and complications. So, the stages of alcohol poisoning:

Mild degree, in which the proportion of alcohol in the body does not exceed 2%. Its signs are high spirits, increased sweating, reddening of the skin of the face, dilated pupils. This stage usually goes away on its own after a certain amount of time. The person speaks incoherently and more expressively than when sober, but soon the habitual pattern of behavior returns to him.
The average degree of intoxication occurs when the alcohol in the body reaches from 2 to 3%. This is evidenced by the uneven gait of a person, he may see double. At the same time, he does not realize the essence of his words and deeds, but if he is left at rest, then drowsiness will not take long. After waking up, a person will feel a headache, fatigue, nausea and a feeling of intense thirst. These symptoms disappear a day after waking up. The average degree of intoxication affects not only the human psyche, but also its nervous system.
The third stage is the hard one. In this case, the alcohol content in the body can reach 5%. A severe degree of poisoning poses a danger to entire organ systems. In some cases, even death from alcohol intoxication is possible. At this stage, breathing problems arise, a person is able to fall into a coma or die from cardiac arrest. Acute alcohol intoxication may be accompanied by severe convulsions. It is in this case that it is necessary to remove the symptoms of poisoning.

Although urgent action should be taken only if acute alcohol intoxication occurs, it is necessary to know how to manage the symptoms of any stage of poisoning. After all, in any case, a person needs help.

To reduce the degree of poisoning, you need to remove part of the alcohol from the body. To do this, take "Aspirin" and several capsules of activated charcoal (1 for every 10 kg of body weight). These measures partially neutralize the effect of alcohol.

Remember that even in small doses, alcohol affects the functioning of all organ systems. Therefore, it is advisable to call an ambulance after taking the necessary medicines. But if you want to do without the participation of doctors, then explore possible ways of treating at home.

How to save the patient from the acute stage of poisoning

If you are able to take responsibility for a person who is in the acute stage of poisoning, then you should take the following measures:

Give the patient vitamin B6 intramuscularly. Within a few minutes, a person should be able to speak coherently and legibly.
When the patient thinks clearly, then let him drink a solution of nicotinic acid, phenamine and corazol, mixed with half a glass of warm boiled water. After that, in half an hour a person will begin to behave adequately, and in an hour he will completely sober up.
Next, you need to lower the patient's blood alcohol content. To do this, let him drink 20 ml of glucose solution. Also for this purpose, 10 ml of ascorbic acid solution is suitable.

To help the body restore strength, you can additionally take B vitamins.

If the necessary drugs were not at hand, and there was no way to call an ambulance, then you need to know how to remove alcohol intoxication quickly at home without the use of medications.

Get rid of alcohol poisoning at home

To save a person from the symptoms of alcohol poisoning at home, it is necessary to carry out the following measures:

Provide fresh air circulation in the room.
Rinse your stomach. To do this, induce vomiting in the traditional way. If this is not possible, then dilute a teaspoon of mustard powder in 200 ml of water and let the patient drink the resulting solution.
Periodically give the person affected by the poisoning a sniff of ammonia.
From time to time it is necessary to drink strong, hot and sweet tea.

If even after these measures the patient's condition does not change, he must be urgently taken to the hospital. At the same time, do not forget that constant drinking is the key to the normal functioning of the body.

Absorbents as neutralizers of low-quality alcohol

Absorbent drugs in general are not able to get rid of alcohol intoxication. However, they help well if poisoning has occurred in the case of the use of low-quality alcoholic beverages. Such drugs for alcohol intoxication are good because they are absolutely safe for humans. Even if the required dosage is exceeded, the drugs will not cause harm to the body.

Usually, the following absorbents are used to get rid of alcohol intoxication:

Enterosgel.
"Enterosorb".
"Carbolen".
"Lignosorb".
"Enterodes".
"Polifepan".

In addition to absorbents, homeopathic medicines are often used.

Homeopathy as a way to deal with intoxication

There are homeopathic medicines that help relieve the symptoms of alcohol poisoning. Means are not able to remove alcohol from the body, but they significantly alleviate the patient's condition. For alcohol poisoning, the following drugs are used:

Anti-E. The medicine relieves headaches, relieves nausea and vomiting, and restores normal sleep.
"PROPROTEN-100". The drug activates the forces of the body that can fight poisoning.

Homeopathic remedies significantly reduce the symptoms of alcohol intoxication.

How to remove alcohol intoxication at home using a dropper

If you are dealing with acute alcohol poisoning, then a dropper will help you put the patient in order. However, keep in mind that only professional doctors can put them without a threat to the life of the patient. If you know for sure that the dropper you put in with alcohol intoxication at home will not harm the patient, then you need to study which components should be included in the solution.

The patient must be injected intravenously with glucose solution with 5 ml of vitamins B1 and B6 and 10 ml of ascorbic acid solution. Such a dropper for alcohol intoxication at home will significantly improve the patient's metabolism and help the body remove toxins from the body.

If the poisoning is so severe that even intravenously administered drugs did not help, then the patient is taken to a hospital, where he is under constant medical supervision.

Consequences of excessive alcohol consumption

If you know how to remove alcohol intoxication at home, you still need to study the consequences of such poisoning. You may no longer want to repeat past experiences and put your body at risk. So, the consequences of alcohol intoxication:

Toxic substances contained in alcohol cannot be processed by the body, they affect the human nervous system.
Possible chronic heart disease.
The blood pressure rises.
Kidney disease goes into an acute stage.
Alcohol intoxication in diabetes mellitus can provoke a coma.
Immunity decreases, the body becomes vulnerable to many infections.

Such pathologies occur in case of severe poisoning. If we are talking about the first or second stage of intoxication, then the body can cope with the consequences on its own.

What happens to the body with mild poisoning

With moderate consumption of alcoholic beverages, the body is able to cope with the consequences on its own. The liver produces an enzyme that processes harmful substances, eventually removing them to the outside.

However, a blow to the nervous system is applied even with mild intoxication. As everyone knows, health is practically not restored. Therefore, even a mild, but constantly recurring state of intoxication can lead to the development of nervous diseases.

How to prevent alcohol poisoning

In order not to wonder how to remove alcohol intoxication at home, you need to take care in advance that poisoning does not occur.

Remember that any measures that are aimed at preventing intoxication will not completely eliminate the symptoms. They will only reduce the degree of intoxication, this does not mean that after a nightly holiday you will not face unpleasant consequences.

So, the rules for preparing for the feast:

Take a few activated charcoal tablets an hour before drinking alcohol.
A glass of milk before drinking alcohol will significantly reduce the degree of intoxication.
If you have the opportunity, do not neglect vitamins.
Directly during the feast, try to eat more. In this case, give preference to meat, fish dishes. It is advisable to drink all the food with juice or compote.

These precautions will greatly ease your condition after a feast, reduce the degree of intoxication and help you avoid medical intervention.

If alcohol poisoning occurs, you feel a headache, nausea and dizziness, and you urgently need to pull yourself together and go to work, then take the following measures:

Eat a fresh tomato salad or fish soup.
Drink more water.
Take Citramon.
Take a short walk outside.

These seemingly simple rules will help you not only look better, but also feel freer. You will not get rid of alcohol intoxication completely, but your performance will increase significantly.

Thus, alcohol poisoning is not only unpleasant, but also dangerous to health. Therefore, try not to bring to the acute stage of intoxication. However, if you have not calculated the dosage and it has come, take all possible measures to relieve the symptoms of poisoning.

Alcohol, even in small doses, has a toxic effect on the central nervous system. In medicine, there are three stages of alcohol intoxication - mild, moderate and severe.

What are the signs of alcohol poisoning and how to remove alcohol intoxication at home? What medicines can be used to relieve a hangover syndrome? What can not be done in case of poisoning, and in what cases should you consult a doctor without wasting time on self-treatment? Let's look at these questions, but first, let's define what alcohol poisoning is.

What is alcohol intoxication

The term alcohol intoxication itself means the poisoning of the body with ethyl alcohol. Normally, a small amount of ethanol is neutralized in the liver without consequences for the body. But when using the amount of alcohol that exceeds the detoxification capacity of the liver, the poison enters the brain and causes disturbances in higher nervous activity. Outwardly, this is manifested by a feeling of euphoria, clouding of consciousness, impaired coordination.

With a severe degree of poisoning, a person loses sensitivity, reflexes weaken, and stunning occurs. In the extreme stage, cardiac arrest, cessation of breathing, deep coma are possible. Such consequences occur when the concentration of ethyl alcohol in the blood is 3% or more. The lethal dose of alcohol is about 300 grams in terms of pure alcohol. If we consider the average lethal dose in terms of body weight, then it is 8 grams of ethanol per kg.

In everyday life, alcohol poisoning refers to any changes accompanied by a deterioration in well-being due to drinking alcohol. They can appear immediately after taking a large dose (vomiting, loss of consciousness) or visit you the next morning - a hangover. In general, these conditions are treated in the same way, but there are some nuances. In the phase of acute poisoning, the effect of ethanol on the gastrointestinal tract and the brain is of great importance, and a hangover is largely provoked by the products of the partial decomposition of ethyl alcohol, in particular, acetaldehyde.

Alcohol poisoning

Separately, it must be said about poisoning with alcohol surrogates. According to statistics, this type of poisoning occupies a leading position in the list of all intoxications. At the same time, more than 90% of the victims die even before the moment of hospitalization.

Substitutes for alcohol are:

In case of poisoning with such products, intoxication is mild or does not occur at all, visual disturbances, convulsions, salivation, sweating, vomiting, pain in the abdomen and joints are often observed.

Intoxication with surrogates cannot be removed at home - it is imperative to immediately seek qualified medical help. Delay can cost lives. As first aid measures, they induce vomiting, take an enterosorbent and any enveloping agent. Further, hospitalization is required.

First aid for alcohol poisoning

What to do with alcohol poisoning at home? To do this, a number of measures are taken to rid the body of ethyl alcohol and neutralize the products of its decay.

First aid for alcohol poisoning includes the following steps.

Remove the remnants of alcoholic beverages from the stomach. To do this, they induce vomiting, then they wash the stomach - they drink 2-3 glasses of salted water, again provoke vomiting, and so on until almost pure water comes out of the stomach.
In case of loss of consciousness, it is impossible to provoke vomiting. Call an ambulance. In anticipation of her arrival, lay the victim on his side, loosen clothing, check the pulse and breathing. Turn your head, make sure that the tongue does not sink, and the vomit does not enter the respiratory tract. To bring the victim to his senses, let him smell ammonia, rub his ears.

If alcohol poisoning does not pose a threat to life, then intoxication is removed independently at home.

Treatment of alcohol intoxication at home

Treatment of alcohol poisoning at home consists of the following actions:

Sometimes poisoning is accompanied by bouts of vomiting. If you vomited once or twice, this is a natural reaction of the body to poison and there will be no harm from it, but only benefit, given the current state. But if the urge to vomit does not go away after emptying the stomach, then you need to take action.

How to stop vomiting after alcohol poisoning?

Rinse your head with cold water or briefly apply ice to the back of your head.
Drink some water or restorative solutions like "".
Do not eat or drink anything else until the stomach calms down.

If the measures taken do not give a result, then antiemetic drugs will help. Indomitable vomiting, the presence of bile in the vomit or blood impurities are grounds for immediate hospitalization.

Let us dwell in more detail on the medicines that are used to treat alcohol poisoning at home.

Enterosorbents

After emptying the stomach from the contents, you need to take enterosorbents. These drugs act in the intestines, capturing toxins and decay products on their surface, and removing them with feces. The following drugs have proven themselves well.

It must be remembered that all enterosorbents must be taken separately from drugs, otherwise the latter will lose their effectiveness. Between their receptions it is necessary to observe a gap of at least one hour, and preferably two hours.

Restoration of water balance

Vomiting dehydrates the body and leaches mineral salts from it. In addition, alcohol is a strong diuretic. In case of poisoning, it is necessary to drink plenty of water, preferably mineral or acidified with lemon juice. Drugs belonging to the group of rehydrating agents help to cope with the imbalance that has arisen. They contain a balanced set of sodium, potassium, chlorides, sometimes carbohydrates and help the body cope with intoxication.

"Regidron" with alcohol intoxication can be taken orally in the amount of 10-17 ml of the finished solution per kg of weight. One packet of the drug is dissolved in one liter of water and stored in the refrigerator for no more than a day.

The analogues of Regidron are the preparations Hydrovit and Citraglucosolan. Also, a similar solution can be prepared independently: take 1/2 tsp for one liter of water. salt, 1/2 tsp. soda, 4 tbsp. l. Sahara.

With severe alcohol intoxication, a dropper is needed. Its composition is something like this:

saline, or "Disol", or "Hemodez";
5 or 10% glucose solution;
5% solution of ascorbic acid.

If necessary, include vitamins (nicotinic acid, pyridoxine), magnesia, potassium chloride, panangin, heart remedies. The volume of the dropper is usually 400-500 ml. A medical worker should put it, as well as determine the composition of the solution for infusion - inept handling can be harmful to health.

Complete cleansing of the body from alcohol, possibly in the case of its excretion by the kidneys. For this, diuretics (diuretics) are used, the best and safest of which is ordinary water. You can also use the recipes of traditional medicine - drink decoctions of herbs. They not only restore vitamin losses, but also supply the body with the antioxidants it needs.

Restoration of intestinal microflora

Alcohol and its decay products kill beneficial intestinal microflora. After alcohol intoxication, the activity of the gastrointestinal tract is often disturbed, constipation or diarrhea develops. Beneficial bacteria need to be restored. You can do this by eating sour-milk and fermented foods or by taking probiotics:

Facilitates the course of a hangover emptying the intestines. If constipation is noted after drinking alcohol, then it is possible - this will allow you to remove toxic products from the large intestine.

What not to do with alcohol poisoning

In no case should you combine the intake of alcohol and the diuretic "Furosemide", as this negatively affects the state of the liver and kidneys.
Aspirin is also taken with caution. It can be drunk only in a state of hangover, but if intoxication has not yet passed, then this medicine can cause various complications.
Do not use any sleeping pills, as they exacerbate the depression of the central nervous system caused by alcohol.
The recommendation to go to the bathhouse and thereby get rid of a hangover is only suitable for people with Siberian health.

What to do with a hangover

How to treat a hangover the next morning after heavy drinking? The following measures are effective:

You should not experiment with drugs, it is better to resort to the help of special tablets for alcohol poisoning:

"Biotredin";
"Limonar";
"Metadoxil";
Alka-Seltzer.

Folk remedies for a hangover

If there were no pills at hand, then you can use folk remedies used for alcohol poisoning. In addition to the hangover pickles already mentioned, the following remedies help:

A contrast shower helps with a hangover. Start with hot water, then switch to pleasantly cold, alternating for 30-60 seconds several times, gradually increasing the temperature difference. Such a contrast will allow the skin to get rid of toxins and toxins, improve the functioning of the heart and blood vessels.

In conclusion, we note that it is much easier and more pleasant to prevent a hangover than to treat it. To do this, do not abuse the amount of alcohol, have a good snack on foods containing starch and pectins (potatoes, bananas), and before the feast, take one of the recommended enterosorbents for preventive purposes.

Alcohol poisoning home treatment is a problem that worries everyone who drinks alcohol at least occasionally. No one is immune from a severe hangover syndrome. After all, even a small dose of alcohol sometimes leads to alcohol intoxication.

What is alcohol intoxication

Alcohol intoxication is called poisoning with ethyl alcohol and its decay products. If you drink a small amount of alcohol, the liver easily processes harmful substances without consequences for the body. Minimum doses of alcoholic beverages are safe for health - 60 ml of vodka, 250 ml of wine or 650 ml of beer. However, few people stop at such levels, absorbing a much larger amount of alcohol. This leads to disturbances in the functioning of the body.

Experience a special burden with alcohol intoxication circulatory and nervous system.

The heart has to work harder. Brain activity suffers. There is clouding of consciousness, impaired coordination of movement. If the concentration of alcohol in the blood exceeds 3%, such severe deviations as cardiac arrest and deep coma are possible.

Poisoning with low-quality alcoholic beverages

In some cases, even minimal doses of alcohol lead to intoxication. This happens due to the use of alcohol surrogates. Unscrupulous manufacturers, seeking to save on raw materials for alcoholic beverages, replace relatively safe ethanol with methyl, butyl, hydrolytic and sulfite alcohol. And some desperate lovers of strong drinks, in pursuit of a good mood, use cologne and paint industry products.

Even minimal doses of such drinks lead in some cases to fatal outcomes. If treatment at home is quite possible for ordinary alcohol poisoning, then intoxication due to the use of low-quality drinks requires immediate hospitalization.

Symptoms of alcohol poisoning

Signs of intoxication may appear some time after drinking strong drinks or on the morning after the banquet. Before deciding what to do with alcohol poisoning, you should decide whether this is really a condition.

Headache and nausea do not indicate severe intoxication. These are signs of a mild hangover syndrome. In case of poisoning, more serious symptoms are observed:

persistent severe vomiting;
increased emotional activity;
impaired coordination of movements and speech;
inability to focus on one point;
pallor of the skin;
rapid breathing;
interruptions in the rhythm of the heart;
drop in body temperature and blood pressure;
constriction of the pupils;
convulsions;
persistent smell of ethanol on exhalation.

The presence of such signs suggests that a person has been poisoned by alcohol and needs help.

First aid for alcohol intoxication

It is not always possible to remove intoxication at home. To avoid irreversible consequences, you will have to call an ambulance. However, before the arrival of the brigade, it is necessary to provide first aid in case of poisoning. To do this, you need to know how to remove alcohol intoxication.

First of all, the stomach should be freed from the remnants of ethanol. The victim should be induced to vomit. To do this, he is given to drink several glasses of slightly salted or acidified liquid at room temperature. If it was not possible to wash the stomach in this way, it is necessary to press with two fingers at the base of the tongue. This procedure is repeated several times with short breaks.

If the poisoned person is unconscious, gastric lavage will not work. Loosen all straps and fasteners on the victim's clothing and lay him on his side, putting something under his head. It is important to ensure that the patient does not choke on vomit, does not overheat or become cold.

Ammonia will help bring to life and not prevent loss of consciousness when intoxicated. The composition is moistened with a piece of cotton wool and allowed to smell to the victim. If the condition of the poisoned person worsens, emergency measures must be taken - artificial respiration and heart massage.

Video - Alcohol poisoning: what to do? First aid!

How to treat alcohol poisoning

In most cases, gastric lavage greatly alleviates the symptoms of intoxication. But after that, you should continue the treatment of alcohol poisoning. Some people think that the best remedy is a hangover. However, it should be remembered: getting rid of intoxication with vodka is dangerous.

Treatment of alcoholic toxicosis includes the following activities:

Normalization of water-salt balance. Gastric lavage has a positive effect on the condition of the victim of alcohol poisoning. However, persistent vomiting, sometimes accompanied by diarrhea, causes dehydration. Therefore, in case of intoxication, it is important to restore the water-salt balance.
Removal of ethanol breakdown products from the body. After washing the stomach, harmful substances still remain in the body, acting as a poison on the internal organs of a person. Enterosorbents will help to remove them, the simplest and most affordable of which is activated carbon. It should be drunk at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of weight.
Restoration of intestinal microflora. Together with toxic substances, beneficial bacteria are removed from the intestines, which positively affect the functioning of the digestive system. Therefore, a number of measures to eliminate the consequences of alcohol intoxication include the use of agents that restore microflora. These include Linex, Bifiform, Enterol and other drugs.
symptomatic treatment. The consequences of intoxication can be different: tremor, headache, heaviness in the chest and disruption of the heart. Depending on the symptoms, appropriate drugs are prescribed. The general condition of the victim will be facilitated by anti-hangover drugs - Alka-Seltzer, Zorex, effervescent tablets Alkaprim, Antipohmelin and many others.

What to do with severe vomiting

With intoxication, the body is especially threatened with dehydration. When a person vomits, the water-salt balance in the body is disturbed. To restore it, you should drink plenty of fluids. It can be mineral water or water with the addition of lemon juice. Vitamin C also has a positive effect on the patient's condition with alcohol poisoning.

It is useful to drink Regidron. It is sold in a pharmacy in the form of a powder. The contents of the sachet are dissolved in a liter of plain water and drunk in small sips. You can prepare such a tool yourself. To do this, mix half a teaspoon of salt, the same amount of soda and 4 tablespoons of sugar. Salt, alkali and glucose contribute to the restoration of normal body functions.

In some cases, you may need. If the nausea does not stop and it is not possible to alleviate the condition, you can not do without a dropper. It can be put at home, but only a specialist does it.

Treatment of alcohol intoxication with folk remedies

After removing the first symptoms of intoxication, folk remedies are used to treat alcohol poisoning. Decoctions of herbs help well, but they are chosen with caution, since many plants contain poisons that can aggravate the situation.

Mint, horsetail, lemon balm, tansy and chamomile contribute to the removal of alcohol intoxication. Decoctions are prepared from them or simply pour dried plants with boiling water and insist for several minutes.

Help with poisoning honey water. Fructose, which is part of its composition, restores strength and improves tone. Preparing such a drug is simple. Honey is dissolved in half a liter of water. The more bee products in the liquid, the better. Chopped ginger root is also added to the composition. It is useful for hangovers.

In alcohol poisoning, potato starch is useful. One spoonful of the product is dissolved in a glass of water and drunk in small portions. Starch draws out poison and toxins from the body. It has long been known that after a banquet brine relieves a hangover, cabbage is best. It restores the water-salt balance and contains a large amount of vitamin C.

What is prohibited in case of alcohol poisoning

In order not to worsen the condition of a person poisoned by ethanol, it is not recommended:

Move actively- The victim must be kept calm.
Lay the patient on his back– he can lose consciousness and choke on vomit
Take laxatives- it promotes dehydration.
Eat fatty foods- for some time after poisoning, it is necessary to adhere to a diet so as not to burden the liver and stomach.
Self-medicate when the condition worsens- in some cases, without the help of doctors can not do. Only hospitalization will help to fully recover.

How to prevent alcohol poisoning

Alcohol intoxication is a serious illness that sometimes even leads to death. It is better to avoid such a condition, since it is very difficult to cope with it and restore the functioning of the body.

Poisoning can be prevented by taking a few tablets of activated charcoal or another pharmaceutical product provided for this before the banquet. You can not drink strong drinks on an empty stomach. Eat them with rich fatty foods.
It is not recommended to drink alcohol with carbonated drinks. For these purposes, use fruit drinks, compote juice or plain water. Smoking during the banquet is better to exclude altogether.

And most importantly - you should control the quality of alcohol consumed and its quantity. Only this guarantees protection against intoxication. Minimal doses of high-quality alcohol will improve your mood and will not incapacitate your body.

Withdrawal syndrome, hangover, hangover - there are many names, but the meaning remains the same: a lot of excess alcohol last night. Pills for alcohol poisoning are aimed at treating the body from alcohol residues at home. Folk methods (except for knocking out a wedge with a wedge) also work, but medicines act more accurately and more efficiently.

What is alcohol poisoning

Intoxication is a reaction of internal organs to the processing of the remains of a large dose of alcohol (acetaldehyde). In addition, fusel oils and chemical compounds that may be contained in alcohol affect the body. After ingestion of alcohol-containing liquids or dishes, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), an enzyme responsible for the destruction of ethanol, which is perceived as a poison, begins to be produced.

Toxic acetaldehyde remains the only component (alcohol breakdown product) that cannot be destroyed by ADH. To combat it, a second enzyme, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, is connected. It neutralizes acetaldehyde into harmless acetic acid, water and carbon dioxide. Only these substances are capable of processing alcohol. Not a single remedy can accelerate their production by the body, no matter what advertising says.

Symptoms

With alcohol poisoning, the symptoms manifest themselves in completely different ways and depend on age, gender, quality and quantity of alcohol consumed, even race (ethnicity), regularity of use. The general symptoms of intoxication are completely identical to poisoning with any toxins, low-quality alcohol that somehow entered the body:

nausea, vomiting;
frequent urge to urinate;
general malaise;
low blood pressure;
blanching of the skin of the body against the background of reddening of the face;
tremor of hands and feet;
dizziness;
chills;
diarrhea;
decrease in body temperature;
euphoria and delusional states;
lowering the threshold of the instinct of self-preservation;
impaired coordination of the limbs, perception of body position;
incoherent speech, slowing down of thought processes.

Effects

One-time alcohol poisoning rarely causes serious consequences. The hangover syndrome itself will last until the body completely breaks down acetaldehyde (the period is individual). Serious pathological consequences are caused by systematic alcoholism or poisoning with surrogate alcohol. Alcohol in constant immoderate doses is dangerous for the occurrence of such conditions:

development of acute renal failure;
acute pancreatitis;
stomach and food bleeding;
degenerative changes in the central nervous system;
total blindness (methyl poisoning);
alcoholic hepatitis;
destruction of the brain;
disorders of the heart and vascular system.

What helps with a hangover

It is impossible to speed up the passage of poisoning, but a whole range of drugs helps to reduce the symptoms to an acceptable state of health. Based on the manifestations, they take adsorbents, antiemetic drugs, painkillers, replenishing the electrolyte balance (mineral waters, Regidron drug do a good job with this). It is important that drugs do not conflict with the patient's body.

Detox Methods

Most body cleansing methods require qualified medical care and special equipment, since blood, lymph, plasma, and intestines need cleaning. However, some actions can be done independently before the arrival of an ambulance, which will determine whether hospitalization is necessary, or it is permissible to perform procedures at home. You can cleanse the body in case of poisoning in the following ways:

conservative methods that can be done at home: forced diuresis (use of diuretics in parallel with fluid replacement), gastrointestinal absorption (take activated charcoal and its analogues);
active methods: hemodialysis, blood ultrafiltration, connection of an artificial liver, exchange transfusion, hemofiltration;
plasma: plasmodialysis, plasmapheresis, cryoapheresis;
lymphatic: lymphopheresis, lymphodialysis, etc.

Pills for alcohol poisoning

Tablets to combat hangover symptoms can be purchased at any pharmacy. The modern medicine market is saturated with pills of varying degrees of popularity and intensity. All of them can, to one degree or another, ease withdrawal symptoms if used strictly following the instructions. Often experienced drinkers know their first aid kit for recovery. However, sometimes a person encounters a hangover for the first time, so you need at least a little guidance on what to drink in case of alcohol poisoning.

Adsorbents for poisoning

Sorbents are needed in the process of normalizing the activity of the gastrointestinal tract. The remains of food and alcohol breakdown products in large quantities remain in the stomach and intestines. To shorten the period of poisoning so that the absorption of the remaining alcohol does not continue, adsorbents are used that bind toxic residues in the gastrointestinal tract and help to remove them naturally. Preparations for alcohol intoxication for adsorption:

Name	Mode of application
Activated carbon	Dosage based on 1 tablet of activated charcoal (0.25 g) per 10 kg of body weight orally after gastric lavage.	Cheapness and availability of tablets.	Reduces the absorption of other drugs.
Polysorb	The medicine for alcohol poisoning is taken in the form of a suspension of 1 tbsp. spoon (1.2 g) per glass of water. The daily concentration in the body should not exceed 12 grams.	Easily taken in dissolved form, unlike activated charcoal.	List of contraindications (intestinal ulcer, pregnancy, individual intolerance). Does not combine with aspirin.
Enterosgel	1 tablespoon (15 g) on an empty stomach.	A wide range of applications for various diseases.	Cannot be used for intestinal obstruction, occasionally causes vomiting.

Antiemetics

Nausea and vomiting remain a natural reaction of the body to poisoning, this is one of the independent ways of the gastrointestinal tract to get rid of toxins. However, at some point, a situation may arise when the stomach is already empty, and vomiting continues. This can lead to damage to the esophagus, the inability to take concomitant medications. In this case, antiemetics come to the rescue to eliminate nausea:

Name	Mode of application
Anestezin	0.3 grams of the drug 4 times a day.	Available at any pharmacy, goes well with glycine.	Possible individual intolerance to the drug.
	Validol tablet under the tongue or 5-6 drops of the solution.	Prevalence, menthol in addition to stabilizing the heart rate relieves the symptoms of nausea.	Active hypotension on the background of poisoning.
	1 tablet 2 times a day for the period of severe vomiting.	Parallel stabilization of digestion processes, relief of headaches, fight against chronic intoxication.	Possible state of drowsiness.

Symptomatic drugs

The general symptoms of acute alcohol poisoning in a serious condition can be different. To alleviate the condition, drugs are used that will help reduce pain syndromes, stabilize pressure, and increase efficiency during the period of removing toxins from the body. The main thing is to take into account the compatibility of the means with each other and the individual susceptibility of the patient when stopping the symptoms of poisoning. Effective medicines:

Name	Mode of application
Biotredin	4 tablets 4 rubles / day, followed by a dose reduction to 2 pieces three times a day. The therapy lasts 1 month.	Remedy for alcohol poisoning, helps fight moderate chronic alcoholism.	Significantly reduced efficiency in alcohol intoxication, severe poisoning.
Limontar	0.25 grams of the drug every 2 hours.	Pills for alcohol poisoning stimulate the appetite, reduce the overall craving for alcohol, and comprehensively eliminate the symptoms.	May cause a significant increase in blood pressure, does not combine well with barbiturates and tranquilizers.
	1 capsule 2 times a day (for especially acute poisoning - 3 times a day) until the symptoms disappear completely, 2 effervescent tablets to relieve morning symptoms.	The drug for alcohol poisoning, has significant hepaprotective, antioxidant properties, successfully fights the remnants of alcohol surrogates.

Contraindications for alcohol poisoning pills

Any drug must be used in strict accordance with the instructions. In no case should medications be used in case of individual intolerance to any of the components of the drug. Be sure to take into account the compatibility between different means. It is undesirable to take tablets for allergy sufferers, patients with diabetes mellitus, stomach and duodenal ulcers, gastritis and similar chronic diseases. Separately, it is worth recalling that many drugs have contraindications in relation to the cardiovascular system.

Video

Alcohol poisoning is one of the most severe and common types of acute intoxication. The severity of the patient's condition is due to the fact that not only exogenous chemicals, but also endogenous toxins have an impact on the body.

According to statistics, among all fatal poisonings, 60% of cases are due to intoxication with alcoholic beverages. The number of cases of poisoning by high doses of alcohol, its substitutes, counterfeit drinks and home-made alcohol is growing daily.

In 2016, ~330 thousand people died from alcohol poisoning in the world.

The lethal dose of ethyl-containing drinks varies and depends on:

the amount of ethyl alcohol drunk and its quality;
age group;
gender differences;
race;
state of mind and psycho-emotional mood;
the presence of systemic diseases;
rate of administration and exposure time;
food taken before or during drinking alcohol;
temperature conditions;
the degree of adaptation of the body to certain doses of alcohol.

A dose of 4-8 g of ethanol per kilogram of human weight leads to acute poisoning with a fatal outcome. This number is very arbitrary. So, some sources indicate that, for example, for a young (20-30 years old) man of average build (weight 70 kg), a lethal dose of 750 mg for spirits (20-50%) and 1.5 liters of beer (300 ml of ethyl alcohol), drunk over a period of time less than 5 hours and without a snack.

These figures are for a person with an intolerance to ethanol. In the presence of tolerance, the dose increases to 800 g, which is 5-13 g per 1 kg of body weight.

For children and women, these figures are significantly reduced. The use of a minimum amount of alcohol in childhood (up to 3 g / kg) leads to severe poisoning due to the fact that they have enzymes synthesized by liver cells involved in the biotransformation of ethanol are produced in an insufficient amount to neutralize alcohol.

In addition, in children, the nervous system is less resistant to the effects of toxins, and the adaptive-compensatory mechanisms are imperfect. A lethal outcome from ethanol intoxication is most likely when its content in the bloodstream is more than 4-5 ppm.

Alcoholic drinks contain ethyl alcohol, which is moderately toxic on the toxicity scale. The alcohol molecule is small in size, has a small charge and is able to quickly decompose, which determines the ability of ethanol to mix with liquids in unlimited quantities. Alcohol also dissolves in fats. These properties allow alcohol to quickly spread through the blood and lymph to all organs and penetrate through the cytomembranes.

From the digestive system, 100% of alcohol is absorbed and enters all biological fluids. The high degree of permeability of ethanol molecules through the blood-brain barrier determines that its concentration in the brain is 75% higher than in blood serum. Ethanol metabolites have a toxic effect on the body. Alcohol is oxidized to acetaldehyde, which easily enters into biochemical reactions and is a very toxic substance.

Reacting with substances in the body, acetaldehyde disrupts carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism in organ tissues, leading to hemorrhages, focal destructive changes, necrosis, tissue degeneration, and fibrosis. The maximum concentration of ethanol in the blood is observed, regardless of the amount of alcohol consumed, 60 minutes after its use.

Causes of alcohol poisoning

Poisoning can occur not only when the dose of alcoholic beverages is exceeded or the use of surrogates - lotions, windshield wipers, brake fluid or medicinal tinctures. Some people do not produce enough enzymes in their bodies to inactivate acetaldehyde. There are few of them among the Japanese, Koreans, Chinese.

These enzymes are completely absent in the Yakuts. Among Europeans, every tenth person has a high sensitivity to the toxic effects of acetaldehyde. Even a small dose of alcohol will cause poisoning in such people.

Some medications affect the absorption of alcohol. Sensitization is caused by taking Metranidazole, Disulfiram, Pyrroxan, Calcium Cynamide, antibiotics of the cephalosporin and nitrofuran series. The combined effect of drugs and alcohol causes a disulfiram-alcohol reaction.

Food in the stomach, especially carbohydrates and fatty foods, reduces the absorption of alcohol. Poisoning is possible when taking high doses on an empty stomach, since 50% of alcohol is absorbed within 15 minutes after taking alcoholic beverages.

Psycho-emotional state contributes to ethanol poisoning. Overwork, depression affect the sensitivity of dopamine receptors. They are depleted, and in order to get a state of euphoria, a person needs to take more alcohol than in a normal state.

Stages of alcohol poisoning

Acute alcohol poisoning has three degrees of severity:

severe intoxication, which manifests itself when the content in the blood is 2.5 - 3 ppm of alcohol;
acute intoxication - toxic effect on the body of ethanol and its metabolites;
acute poisoning or coma (3 - 5 ppm ethanol).

A coma when taking a lethal dose of ethyl alcohol (5-6 ppm in the blood) lasts from 6 to 12 hours. Death occurs due to:

severe depression of the function of external respiration;
hemocirculation dysfunctions;
renal and liver failure.

Each stage of poisoning with alcohol and its substitutes corresponds to symptom complexes of different severity.

The most susceptible to the pathological effects of alcohol is the central nervous system. In case of poisoning, there are:

euphoria and excitement;
uncoordinated movements;
delirium, hallucinations;
change in speech perception;
hypothermia;
involuntary urination.

Poisoning is accompanied by dehydration of the body. The patient experiences thirst, muscle weakness, drowsiness, indifference. The next target of ethanol is the cardiovascular system.

As a result of dehydration, the blood thickens. Due to the release of hormones and some enzymes, blood vessels narrow, and vascular resistance increases at the periphery of the system.

All this leads to an increase in the load on the heart when "pushing" viscous blood through the reduced lumen of the vessels. The volume of blood circulating in the body is significantly reduced, which leads to oxygen starvation, disruption of metabolic processes, a decrease in blood pressure and the volume of urine excreted. From the side of the heart and circulatory system, the following symptoms of poisoning are noted:

hyperemia and swelling of the face;
lowering blood pressure;
fast, uneven pulse and heartbeat;
dizziness:
dilation of the capillaries of the eyes and reddening of the proteins.

Alcohol intoxication is manifested in violation of the function of external respiration:

frequent shallow breathing;
organ hypoxia.

Respiratory failure develops both as a result of toxic damage to the respiratory center, and as a result of the accumulation of stomach contents in the oral cavity and bronchial tree. Due to muscle relaxation, the airways are blocked by the tongue and the overhanging epiglottis.

The initial stage of poisoning is characterized by increased excretion of fluid through the kidneys, frequent urination, impaired absorption of fluid in the gastrointestinal tract. Then dehydration occurs. Decreased fluid volume and toxic effects on liver cells cause:

decrease in diuresis up to the complete cessation of urine output;
pain in the liver;
yellowing of the skin, and in severe cases - the sclera.

Progressive loss of fluid leads to impaired consciousness, convulsions, hyperthermia, hallucinations. Depending on the degree of intoxication of the body with ethanol, alcoholic coma has its manifestations:

1 stage- the patient is unconscious, but shows motor activity in response to sensory stimulation. All reflexes are weakened, inhibited or absent. There is a spasm of the muscles of the jaws, hypothermia and increased blood pressure, muscle twitching, dilated pupils of the eyes. Breathing shallow, rapid. Reduced pain sensitivity.
2 stage- The patient is unconscious. Reflexes are significantly depressed. The pupils of the eyes are constricted, poorly responsive to changes in lighting. Breathing is weak, not deep. Frequent recurring vomiting, involuntary urination, bronchospasm, pressure continues to fall, tachycardia (90-110 beats / min) is noted.
3 stage- the patient is unconscious, the eyeballs "float", complete muscle relaxation, body temperature decreases. The skin is pale, cold, earlobes, lips are cyanotic. The heart beats weakly, slowly. Pulse weak, thready, intermittent. The vessels are so narrowed that intravenous drug administration requires vascular catheterization.

According to statistics, if the patient was given timely medical care and intensive methods of therapy were used, a lethal outcome in acute ethanol poisoning is observed only in 1.5% of cases. At the prehospital stage, 98% of patients die.

Providing emergency assistance

In case of poisoning with alcohol or surrogates, you should immediately call an ambulance, and before it arrives, you need to provide emergency assistance to the patient:

lay on a hard, flat surface on its side, placing something under your back for support;
cleanse the intestines of alcohol - give a weak solution of potassium permanganate or warm boiled water to drink and induce vomiting. Ideally, repeat the procedure 3-4 times until the wash water leaves without mucus and food debris;
give absorbents - in order to remove toxins and avoid further absorption of alcohol, it is necessary to use,;
to normalize the water balance, give the patient a warm drink - strong tea, juice, fruit drink, mineral water without gas. Drinking should be given in small portions, but often, so as not to induce vomiting again;
clean the oral cavity from vomit, fix the tongue with improvised means;
when breathing and palpitations stop, perform forced ventilation of the lungs and heart massage.

At home, you can help the patient only with mild and moderate stages of poisoning. With a headache, the patient should be given pills,.

There is no alcohol antidote, but natural detoxification mechanisms can be enhanced at home. In addition to cleansing the intestines with vomiting, you can increase the excretion of urine and feces in order to remove alcohol and metabolic products.

To do this, you can use medications or decoctions of medicinal herbs:

Target	Name of the drug	medicinal plants
Increased diuresis	Torasemide, Indapamin, Akveks, Clopamid, Lazeks	calamus, balsam, birch, lingonberry, heather, elecampane, oregano
Elimination of toxins with feces	Senade, Guttalax, Regulax	laxative joster, brittle buckthorn, hay, rhubarb, anise, columbine
Increased metabolism	Vitamin and mineral complexes	stork, wild rosemary, hawthorn, black elderberry
Cleansing and protecting the liver	Karsil, Gepabene, Silimar	budra, initial letter, cornflower, gryzhnik, fume, tansy, ivy
Painkillers	, Citramon	bergenia, veronica, oregano, narrow-leaved fireweed, linden
For blood thinning		St. John's wort, coriander, nettle, toadflax, aspen
Maintaining heart function	Verapamil, Riboxin, Dopamine	Arnica, hawthorn, lure, lily of the valley, leuzea, sucker, lemon balm, cudweed

To increase metabolism and accelerate the breakdown of alcohol, the patient is given vitamins, but you need to make sure that surrogates did not cause poisoning. Accelerated metabolism of methanol, ethylene glycol will lead to the formation of very toxic metabolites.

To increase the level of sugar in the blood, the patient is given sweet tea, juices, decoctions of herbs with honey. To neutralize the action of acetaldehyde, vitamin C and Thiamine (B1) are administered. Thiamine helps reduce the risk of developing alcoholic psychosis in alcohol poisoning. Vitamin B1 helps restore carbohydrate metabolism, and the introduction of glucose normalizes energy metabolism.

All activities used at home must be carried out under the supervision of the attending physician. In chronic alcoholism, many drugs work differently than in the treatment of patients without addiction, so self-medication can lead to aggravation of the condition and drug poisoning.