According to statistics, the death rate from alcohol in Russia is more than 4%. This figure is much more than the death of people from military conflicts, AIDS, viruses combined. The total number of deaths from alcohol in the world is 2.6 million lives annually. Russia accounts for approximately 600 thousand people, it turns out that every year all the people of a small town die. A scary figure that tends to develop: the number of deaths from alcohol is growing year by year and this figure is not going to stop.

Causes of death from alcohol

The death rate from alcoholism is largely related to the economic component. If in the countries of Africa and Asia, people, starting to live better, are drawn into addiction, the inhabitants of Europe and Russia are increasingly indulging in drunken drunkenness due to a decrease in social status. In addition, alcohol in our country has always been a way to "cure emotional distress." They yelled at work - drink, scandals at home - get drunk, a celebration with friends - raise a couple of glasses.

Fact! The number of patients with alcoholism is growing, the growth rate is 1.5-2% annually. These figures include not only adults, but also teenagers from 14 years old. Due to one reason or another, every fifth citizen of Russia dies every year from alcohol dependence, toxication and pathologies.

According to official data, our country ranks fifth in the ranking of countries in terms of the amount of alcohol consumed per capita. But these are only indicators of statistics, which are frankly not complete enough. No one takes into account degraded patients who do not work, therefore they do not have any documents, and are not included in the population census list. They don't exist, but they die every day and every year. And how many people really died, drinking to death, no one will tell.

Experts believe that due to the complex social and economic component, in Russia over the past and this year, there has been an excess of mortality. The reason is the "rejuvenation" of alcoholics. Beer, cocktails, various alcohol-containing tonics attract a huge number of teenagers. Among the respondents aged 13-15, 65% already know the taste of alcohol very well, and 28% were ill from poisoning with low-quality alcohol.

Current position

The sharp increase in prices led to the fact that people began to buy low-quality alcohol more often, and mortality statistics also quickly went up. For six months of this year, 68% of patients got alcohol poisoning. On the day of death, approximately 1,400 lives are taken, and this number of deaths is precisely from alcohol.

Fact! Every year, up to 300,000 people suffer in road accidents caused by drunk drivers. More than half of them die, many remain crippled for life. 15% of the indicated number of people are children under the age of 10 years.

The numbers are really scary. Considering that drunk drivers are mostly young people aged 18-35, the situation is that in a couple of years there will not be a single sober citizen left in the country. In addition to the fact that addiction to alcoholic beverages leads to degradation and increased mortality, it is the cause of the birth of handicapped children, miscarriages in early and late pregnancy, casual sexual relationships and, as a result, abortions. And what abortions lead to in youth does not need to be explained - infertility.

The consequences of abuse are expressed not only in high mortality from alcohol:

Increased suicide rates among normally healthy fit people (62.1%);
In a state of intoxication, a huge number of murders are committed (72.2%);
From cirrhosis of the liver, pancreatitis, 68% of all patients die;
Pathologies of the cardiovascular system, which appeared as a result of alcohol abuse, lead to death in 23.3%.

It should be remembered that anyone who has drunk low-quality alcohol can die. In terms of the number of poisonings, Russia also ranks first - last year about half a million such cases were registered, and 10% of patients died before the ambulance arrived. And these are people who have asked for help, have a family, relatives and are not malicious alcoholics. They just wanted to drink a glass of vodka or cognac, from which death occurred, and how many people die unidentified - this data is not provided by any statistical center.

To drink or not to drink?

If a person dies not from old age and a long illness, confirmed by medication, he is sent for an autopsy. Pathologists detect the presence of alcohol in the blood in 70% of the dead. Often, at the request of relatives or officials, this fact is not mentioned in the documents so that the death statistics of this particular region are not violated. Therefore, we do not know exactly how many people die because of alcohol.

Fact! On average, a Russian begins to taste alcohol at the age of 13. At the same time, only a third of the number are boys, the rest are girls. Every fifth person under the age of 14 drinks alcohol (vodka, beer, cocktails) every day. Sociologists will look for the reasons for the surge in alcoholism in this age group, we can only state the data: by the age of 20, such people are completely dependent on alcohol, they are distinguished by deviant behavior, a labile psyche and a complete lack of goals. That is, a person still lives, but as a person he dies .

Doctors are sounding the alarm: according to statistics, a young body gets used to alcohol much faster and is more difficult to cure. And in 79% of cases, binge alcoholism leads to the death of adolescents. This happens under the influence of alcoholic beverages, against the background of the consumption of which depression occurs.

Today, Russia is in a serious position: for every thousand deaths, a third occurs due to alcohol. In such numbers, people died only in the "violent 90s", when there was rampant crime and gunshot wounds. Age gradations are the same: of the total number of deaths, 55% died before reaching 35 years. From alcohol, a person does not die immediately, of course, not when poisoned by counterfeit products. First you want to be cheerful, then attachment sets in, and only then does alcohol become a necessary component in solving any problems.

Unfortunately, in our country there are no effective tendencies to motivate a person not to drink at all, as happens, for example, in Muslim countries. In different quantities and with different frequency, but we all drink. And the worst thing is that today those who die at the age of 35-45 exceed the death rate of older people in number. In fact, humanity is dying out, and all because the very culture of drinking has died, alcohol has become more accessible. And now a person with any income, regardless of age, can buy a drink.

Mortality from alcoholism in the world

When people talk about death from alcoholism, they mean a complex of causes associated with alcohol abuse. These are: Accidents - 29.6%. Oncological diseases - 21.6%. Cirrhosis of the liver - 16.6%. Cardiovascular diseases - 14%. Other reasons - 18.2%. On average, 4% of deaths worldwide every year are caused by excessive alcohol consumption. This corresponds to 2.5 million people.

Ranking countries by level of alcohol consumption

Despite the fact that the first lines in the leaders in alcohol consumption are confidently and traditionally occupied by European countries, the attitude of European residents to alcohol is heterogeneous and differentiated by country. Consider the states that are in the top five with the highest alcohol consumption per capita. Data based on 2014 WHO report.

Belarus: The country with the most drinking population: 17.5 liters of alcohol equivalent per capita per year. 26.5% of the population drink alcohol. The proportion of deaths associated with the consequences of alcohol consumption is 34.7%. Life expectancy - 72.1 g.

Moldova: 16.8 liters of alcohol equivalent per year. 32.2% of the population drink alcohol. The proportion of deaths associated with the consequences of alcohol consumption is 33.1%. Life expectancy - 81.4 g.

Lithuania: Life expectancy - 73.9 years. The proportion of deaths associated with the consequences of alcohol consumption - 30.9%. 36.7% of the population drink alcohol. 15.4 liters of alcohol equivalent per year.

Russia: 15.1 liters of alcohol equivalent per year. 19.3% of the population consumes alcohol. The proportion of deaths associated with the consequences of alcohol consumption is 30.5%. Life expectancy - 70.5 g.

Romania: 14.4 liters of alcohol equivalent per year. 7.9% of the population consumes alcohol. The proportion of deaths associated with the consequences of alcohol consumption is 8.9%. Life expectancy - 68.7 g.

The top ten countries with the highest alcohol consumption also included other countries in Central and Eastern Europe: Ukraine (13.9 liters). Andorra (13.8 l). Hungary (13.3 l). Czech Republic (13 l). Slovakia (13 l).

Economically developed countries are ranked in the following positions: 18th place - France (12.2 liters). 23rd place - Germany (11.8 liters). 25th place - Great Britain (11.6 l). 42nd place - the Netherlands (9.9 l). 48th place - USA (9.2 l). 141st place - Israel (2.8 l).

Alcohol abuse is one of the pressing problems of modern world society. According to statistics, Russia has taken one of the largest slices of this liquor pie. It occupies one of the leading positions in the list of world countries, especially when it comes to states that are characterized by a developed economic economy. Mortality from alcohol in Russia is quite high and has begun to rise noticeably in the past few years. In addition, the problem of alcoholism is also relevant for other post-Soviet countries, such as the Republic of Belarus and Ukraine.

Historical origins

Alcoholic beverages gained popularity in Tsarist Russia. Despite the fact that the state is taking serious measures to change the situation, the overall picture does not change, but rather gets worse every day or with every new sociological study.

Russia consistently ranks among the world's top five according to these distasteful rankings. However, the dynamics of the development of alcoholism, as well as the segments of the population captured by it, cause the greatest concern. If the media are to be believed, addiction to alcohol is increasingly developing among the younger generation, and the issue is extremely acute.

Looking at the figures for alcohol consumption in the Soviet Union, you can see that there were two sharp jumps. The first of them happened in the mid-70s and by the beginning of the 80s the figure had reached 10.8 liters per annum per person. The second occurred at the end of the 80s and the beginning of the 90s, which is explained by the unstable economic and political situation in the state at that time.

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A long-standing addiction to the use of strong drinks led to the formation of a kind of tradition, which was fixed on the mental level. Certain groups of people consider drinking alcoholic beverages, if not prestigious, then at least a worthy occupation. The younger generation, which is easily influenced, picks up a bad habit that becomes more and more difficult to break over the years. Thus, an important stage in the personal formation of a person is violated, which affects both the demographic situation in the state and the social one.

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Statistics by country

According to studies, 25% of the Russian population completely abandoned the use of alcohol. Almost half of the country's citizens (about 42%) allow themselves such liberties several times a year and on special occasions. 19% of respondents indulge themselves in alcohol-containing drinks 2-3 times a month, and just over 10% really abuse and drink almost every day.

There are several main factors that have a key impact on the amount of alcohol consumed by the population of a country:

Alcohol abuse

standard of living, which includes not only the economic and political aspect, but also the socio-cultural one;
traditions of alcohol consumption, where the preferred type of alcohol plays a special role;
measures taken by the state to combat addiction, as well as the quality of treatment for people who suffer from it.

The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation reports on the positive dynamics of the decrease in the number of annual liters per capita. During 2015, this figure dropped from 13.5 to 11.5 liters, and by the end of 2016, the mark dropped to a value of 10 liters. It should be noted that the positive dynamics may be due, among other things, to the demographic crisis.

Up to a certain point, the number of deaths, indirectly or directly caused by alcohol, has decreased. However, the aggravation of the financial and economic situation in 2014 led to the fact that the death rate from alcohol returned to an upward trend. Alcohol kills more than 500,000 people every year, 4 out of 5 of its victims are men. 20% of all deaths among the representatives of the stronger sex, one way or another, are associated with alcoholic beverages. Using simple mathematics, statistics show that a bad habit takes more than 1,300 lives every day.

Comparison with other states

Alcohol can shorten human life not only directly, but also indirectly. This is a container parameter that includes both death from alcohol poisoning and from an accident on the road caused by the drunken state of the driver or pedestrian. According to scientists, one serving of alcohol takes about 7 hours of life, so people who abused it and died much earlier than the national average (65 years for men and 76 years for women) should also be taken into account when calculating statistics.

Due to the large number of factors that some research centers take into account, while others do not, the information they provide may vary slightly. The World Health Organization provides the results of the work done, allowing to estimate the death rate from alcohol in Russia and the world at the beginning of 2016. The following figures are in liters per capita:

statistics on alcoholism

Moldova - 18.22.
Czech Republic - 16.45.
Hungary - 16.27.
Russia - 15.76.
Ukraine - 15.60.
Estonia - 15.57.
Andorra - 15.48.
Romania - 15.30.
Slovenia - 15.19.
Belarus - 15.13.

Alcohol found the least popularity in countries such as:

The main consumers of alcoholic products in the world are the countries of Eastern Europe, but the level of influence of alcohol on mortality also depends on the strength of the most preferred drinks. The inhabitants of Moldova most often drink wine, the Czechs are indifferent towards beer, but the inhabitants of Russia most often prefer vodka.

Supermortality from alcohol in Russia is associated with several key factors. Drinking alcohol has long been one of the most common methods of spending leisure time, which the younger generation, willy-nilly, inherits from the elders. Russia is the world leader in terms of the level of teenage alcoholism, which prevents the proper formation of the body and, as a result, leads to a decrease in human life expectancy. Not the last role in this matter is played by the unstable economic situation, when the recovery is often replaced by a recession, which negatively affects the unemployment rate.

Together with the factor of consumption tradition, the crisis situation generates a cumulative effect. This is confirmed by statistical data, according to which the peak of alcohol abuse occurred in the early 90s, when the formation of the modern Russian state was not easy. It is also worth considering the fact that Russians more often prefer strong alcohol to low-alcohol drinks, which has an extremely negative effect on the human body.

Alcoholism is the biggest social problem in the world. Due to the high toxicity of alcohol, it provokes severe poisoning and leads to the development of irreversible consequences in the human body.

Mortality from alcohol is mainly associated with accidents, dangerous situations and diseases of the physical and mental plane.

Causes leading to death from alcohol

Alcohol intoxication.

The lethal dose of ethanol is 250-400 g, depending on age, physical condition and the food in the stomach. The time factor also influences, taking into account the period during which alcoholic beverages were taken. The smaller it is, the lower the chances of survival.

The dose also depends on addiction. Alcoholics addicted for years can drink large amounts and survive.

Intoxication occurs due to the toxic effect of ethanol and is an overdose, i.e. a state in which the body cannot cope with the amount of alcohol consumed. This can lead to respiratory failure, cardiac arrest and coma.

Poisoning with low-quality alcohol or methanol.

Sometimes, in pursuit of revenue, unscrupulous manufacturers use hazardous raw materials and substitutes that are toxic and lead to serious poisoning, even death.

There are cases when they are sold under the guise of ethanol, indistinguishable in their appearance and taste. The lethal dose of this substance is only 30-100 ml. Once in the stomach, it breaks down into formaldehyde and formic acid, which are highly toxic.

Symptoms of poisoning may not appear immediately, but after several hours, which makes methanol even more dangerous for humans - if help is not provided in time, death occurs.

Use in conjunction with medications.

Some drugs, when taken with alcohol, change properties. Ethanol multiplies the action of drugs that affect blood clotting. This can lead to the development of massive hemorrhages, including in the brain, and the most dangerous conditions leading to death.

When taken together with aspirin, gastric bleeding may begin.

You can not drink alcohol along with medications that affect the central nervous system, because. severe respiratory depression may occur. Ethanol and vasodilators lead to acute heart failure.

In other cases, alcohol can become an indirect cause of death - with hypothermia, murders, drunken fights, accidents, fires, etc.

Statistics of deaths from alcohol in Russia

According to statistics, there are more than 5 million alcohol-dependent people in Russia, which is 3.4% of the population, while only half are registered.

Intoxication due to alcohol is the cause of 3% of deaths in the Russian Federation.

However, these data do not fully reflect the picture. Often in the column "cause of death" there is a diagnosis associated with diseases, even if a large concentration of ethanol is found in the blood of the deceased. There is evidence that about 25-30% of deaths, one way or another, are associated with alcohol.

According to Rospotrebnadzor, 500,000 people die from alcohol every year. According to statistics, the largest percentage of deaths are accidents (about 30%).

Alcohol is also a cause of systemic lethal diseases:

oncology (22%);
liver cirrhosis (17%);
cardiovascular diseases (14%);
others (18%).

Alcohol kills every third man and one in six women in Russia.

The number of deaths from alcohol poisoning varies by region. The leaders in this indicator are the Kirov, Yaroslavl, Arkhangelsk and Kostroma regions, the Republic of Mari El. Despite the fact that the most "drinking" are Magadan, Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Buryatia, Komi and Sakhalin.

In some regions, the death rate due to alcohol abuse is zero. These are Chechnya, Astrakhan, Rostov regions, Kalmykia, Khabarovsk Territory, as well as Sakhalin and Magadan, despite the leading positions in the ranking of "drinking" regions.

The implementation of a set of measures aimed at reducing , explains the improvement in statistics for 2016 compared to 2009. The number of deaths from drunkenness decreased from 68.7 to 58.6 thousand, with a decrease in the volume of alcohol consumed from 14.3 to 10.3 liters . per capita.

In 2017, another quarter fewer people died compared to the previous year. This is due to the ban on the sale of ethanol-containing additives and non-food alcohol-containing products.

Death from poisoning or alcohol abuse: statistics in the countries of the world

Alcohol addiction and high mortality from alcoholic beverages are a national problem not only in Russia, but also in many other countries. The World Health Organization cites figures of 2.5 million deaths annually. The European Region and Central Africa stand out in particular.

The states with the largest number of liters of pure ethanol consumed per year are Lithuania (16.2), Belarus (15), Latvia (12.8), Poland (12.2), Estonia (11). The most "little drinkers" are Pakistan, Libya, Kuwait and Mauritania, where each inhabitant accounts for only 100 ml per year.

The table shows how many deaths caused by alcohol abuse are registered per 100,000 deaths (according to the World Health Organization for 2017):

Place	Country	Total number of cases per 100,000 deaths, thousand	Among men, thousand	Among women, thousand
1	Salvador	17,56	38,97	1,02
2	Russia	14,87	26,12	5,25
3	Estonia	12,31	20,97	4,58
4	Guatemala	10,6	21,07	1,80
5	Nicaragua	8,7	18,16	0,55
6	Latvia	8,27	14,84	2,69
7	Lithuania	8,18	13,50	3,57
8	Belarus	8,18	13,50	3,57
9	Denmark	7,51	12,04	3,14
10	Finland	7,47	11,86	3,22

WHO has calculated the number of deaths directly related to alcohol. The real figure, taking into account the development of dangerous diseases, suicides, accidents, etc. would be much higher.

The data show a significant difference in mortality among gender groups.

Statistically, men drink (and die from alcohol) more.

For example, when ranking countries by fatalities among the female half of the population, El Salvador, which ranks first in total mortality, recedes to 28th, while Russia is the leader.

Thus, alcoholism and the mass death of people associated with it took on the scale of a worldwide disaster. Many states are implementing a policy to reduce the terrible statistics.

The main measures are aimed at restricting the population's access to alcohol-containing liquids, increasing the price level, prohibiting advertising and promoting a healthy lifestyle.

According to statistics, more people die from causes associated with the use of alcoholic beverages than from military conflicts, viruses and AIDS: according to WHO, the mortality rate from alcohol is about 4%, that is, every year humanity loses 2.5 million lives. And every year the figure is increasing, as there is an increase in alcoholism all over the world. As prosperity improves in Asia and Africa, new drinkers appear, and in Europe cases of binge drinking are increasingly recorded. Unfortunately, an alarming situation is also observed in Russia and the post-Soviet countries. On the territory of the former Soviet Union, every fifth person dies from alcohol-related causes. In addition, many people die from the effects of smoking.

A bit of history

The growth of alcohol dependence of the population of Russia began in the 17th century, when wine and alcohol began to be imported into the country. Before that, people drank mead, horseradish, mash and other drinks, the strength of which did not exceed 10 °. In society, abundant libations and, especially, drunkenness were not welcomed. Such lovers were condemned, considered lost people.

A new type of alcohol was taken by the state into its monopoly: only it could produce and sell drinks. Previously, alcohol was produced by the population only for personal needs, it was not for sale. In addition to the ban on independent production, the state limited the number of establishments where you could eat. Instead, they opened a lot of taverns selling exclusively alcohol, food was not served in them. The result of such a policy was not slow to affect: money flowed into the treasury, but at the same time, in the shortest possible time, there was a mass alcoholization of a large number of people.

Realizing how this could turn out, the state began to take measures to reduce it. But at the same time, it did not give up its monopoly position, continuing to trade in strong drinks and solder the population.

At the beginning of the last century, a long-term plan for the development of the country was developed in Russia, grandiose reforms were outlined. The government was going to make the state a world leader, for this it was necessary to make a breakthrough in science, production, education. In order for the planned plan to work, in 1914 a decree on the introduction of dry law was adopted.

Over the years of its action, the number of drinkers has decreased, there has been a decrease in the level of alcoholism. The country confidently followed the path of transformation until the war began, and then 1917. Despite subsequent events, Prohibition was in effect until 1925. It was canceled in order to fill the treasury with money and raise the country from ruin.

Alcohol became available again. Perhaps this decision was influenced by I. Stalin, who did not see a big problem in the use of alcoholic beverages, and was himself a fan of wine.

During the Great Patriotic War, the soldiers were given "People's Commissar's" 100 g to maintain their spirit, as well as in the form of encouragement. The post-war years were marked by the growth of alcoholism: after the terrible war, people tried to forget its horrors.

A new round of growth in alcoholism occurred in the 90s. Endemic unemployment, closure of enterprises, impoverishment of the population. Mass drinking was not only adults, but also children and youth. As a result, Russia came out on top in the use and development of alcohol addiction among the CIS countries. This was facilitated by the arrival of foreign beer companies on the market. Aggressive propaganda of intoxicating drinks introduced young people to beer alcoholism.

In view of the fact that due to the anti-alcohol campaign carried out in the USSR, the production of high-quality alcohol in the country decreased, underground dealers filled the market with surrogate drinks. During these years, a sharp increase in mortality from alcohol-related causes was recorded.

Alcoholism and mortality in Russia

The problem of alcoholism in Russia, which began in the 17th century, still remains sore and not fully resolved, despite periodically emerging attempts to overcome it.

According to statistics, today the country ranks fifth in the ranking in terms of the amount of alcohol consumed per capita. However, the figures cause skepticism among experts, who consider them to be greatly underestimated.

They argue their opinion by the fact that only official information was taken into account in the data, and in fact there are many underground producers and distributors of alcoholic beverages in the country. Experts believe that if we take this amendment into account, we can say that Russia occupies a sad first place.

Over the past 20-25 years, there has been a surge in the alcoholization of children and young people, as well as people under 30 years old. There was a dependence on beer, the age at which minors began to drink alcohol sharply rejuvenated. Today, 11-13-year-old youths already know the taste of alcoholic beverages, and many of them have developed addiction. The situation is aggravated by the high prevalence of smoking among young people.

This situation did not arise overnight, it was due to upheavals in the country that occurred at the end of the twentieth century. We are still feeling the consequences of that state of affairs.

Because of the anti-alcohol policy undertaken by M. Gorbachev, the country was flooded with low-quality and counterfeit alcoholic drinks. In addition to markets and dubious points of sale, they began to be sold in stores. Illegal sales in the late 90s. amounted to about 60%. This was followed by an explosive increase in alcohol poisoning with fatal outcomes. They exceeded the European indicators by 65 times.

Since the beginning of the 90s. The demographic situation in Russia began to deteriorate: mortality rates exceeded the birth rate. The threat of extinction of the population has become an urgent problem for the country. Despite the measures taken and the first successes in overcoming depopulation, the issue remains topical today. As before, a third of deaths from the total number is associated with the use of alcoholic beverages, and this is 30-46%, depending on the region of the country.

Alcohol abuse contributes to the growth of committed crimes. According to official figures, up to 80% of murders are committed in the world for this reason. In Russia, this figure is higher than mentioned and accounts for almost 68% of the total number of recorded murders.

After analyzing Russian statistics, the experts revealed the reason for the rampant crime in 1998-2003: it was provoked by an increase in the production and consumption of alcoholic beverages. In 2005, the situation improved slightly, as measures were taken to limit the release of alcohol. The number of crimes committed while intoxicated has decreased significantly.

In addition, experts determined that the least people died in 1998, 2013, 2014, the peak of mortality was recorded in 2002-2004.

Current position

The specificity of alcohol consumption in Russia lies in the fact that the country is dominated by the consumption of strong alcohol over low-alcohol drinks - the so-called northern type. In various periods, drinking vodka and other strong alcohol reached 70-80%, which is many times more compared to other countries. It is strong alcohol that contributes to the accelerated development of addiction, an increase in the concentration of alcohol in the body, and a strong destruction of physical and mental health. A large number of poisonings are also associated with this factor.

According to A. Nemtsov, in the country:

The predominant number of violent deaths is committed in a state of intoxication.
Fatal outcomes from alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver account for almost 70% of the total number of patients.
500,000 people die prematurely every year.
Alcohol abuse causes various diseases, life expectancy is reduced, the health of the younger generation is deteriorating, more and more children are born with developmental defects due to the fault of drinking parents.

In addition to alcohol, smoking also aggravates the demographic situation in the country. If you look at how things are in the world, it turns out that one person dies from a bad habit every 5 seconds on the planet. The same situation is observed in the Russian Federation. An analysis of statistics for previous years shows that over a 20-year period from the 1980s to the 2000s, smoking killed about 6 million people.

To date, the pace is no lower: every year the country's population loses from 350 to 450 thousand people. And this is higher than in the 1990s. almost twice!

What could be more eloquent in the arguments about the dangers of smoking than numbers? Unfortunately, a false understanding of the image of a real man has developed in the country. While it is associated only with a cigarette. But doctors testify: every second fan of smoking the stronger sex does not live up to retirement. The average age of those who died from smoking is 40-45 years, that is, people in the prime of life and opportunities. Do not lag behind in the desire to smoke and women.

The country bears demographic and economic losses. Every cigarette lover sooner or later develops diseases triggered by nicotine. Accordingly, the state spends money on their treatment, pays sick leave. During therapy, a person does not fulfill his official duties, does not work at all or partially. Passive smoking also causes a lot of damage. It also harms the health of others.

Small calculations show that out of 2 million deaths each year, 18% are due to smoking-related causes. Alas, formidable warnings on packs, taboos in public places and a ban on sale to minors have not yet had the desired effect. For now, change is a little slow. Although it can be stated that thanks to the measures taken: restrictions, fines and smoking bans in restaurants, bars, transport, etc., the situation has clearly shifted for the better.

Mortality from alcoholism and smoking is largely inherited from the 90s. This period was so difficult that it affected the lives of many generations. The consequences are still lingering. But it seems that the situation, albeit slightly, is changing. Today it is no longer fashionable to drink and smoke, it is much more prestigious to go in for sports and take care of your health. Each person must realize what bad habits can turn into. Many still have a chance to stop and change their lives for the better.