What is a kosher cafe? Vegetables and fruits. Biblical animals whose names are unknown

Kosher food can be purchased at the store

Kosher food or food means any food that is allowed to be consumed according to the religious laws of Judaism - Kashrut. The laws of Kashrut are clearly established in the Torah and Talmud (Oral Torah).

Kosher food rules

The Hebrew word “kosher,” which we are accustomed to pronounce as “kosher,” means “fit.” When it comes to food, these laws are quite complex, but in short, they completely prohibit the consumption of certain types of food, such as pork and shellfish. A number of restrictions are imposed on other products, the most important of which is that meat and dairy products cannot be cooked together and consumed at the same meal.

This automatically excludes kosher food Western fast food, such as cheeseburgers and meat-filled pizza. In addition, lighting a fire is prohibited on Shabbat, so only cold or simmered foods are allowed during this period. With all this, thanks to the secular way of life of the majority of the Israeli population, you can find food here for every taste, and many restaurants offer non-kosher menus depending on the region. Kosher laws do not generally apply to the Arab regions of Israel (unless the restaurant is trying to cater to a mixed audience), but halal (the Muslim equivalent of kosher) is observed here.

There are very specific rules for kosher food:

Only the meat of animals that are both ruminants (strictly herbivores) and artiodactyls (having cloven hooves) is allowed for food. Eating pork and hare is strictly prohibited. There are also specific rules for the slaughter of kosher animals - shechita. The slaughter must be carried out by a specially trained person - a shoikhet.
As for poultry meat, the Torah does not give any specific signs. kosher birds. She simply rattles off a list of trap birds. Among them are such as eagle, owl, pelican. However, the main feature of the prohibited species is that they are birds of prey.
Kosher eggs can only come from kosher birds. One of the main signs is different ends (sharp and blunt). Eating blood is also prohibited, so eggs with blood clots are considered non-kosher (however, the part with the clot is often simply cut out).
Kosher fish are those that have scales and fins. Therefore, for example, catfish and sturgeon are prohibited for consumption (they do not have scales). Roe from non-kosher fish is also prohibited.

Kosher food on a plane

Kosher meals on planes are offered by many airlines flying to Israel, including Russian ones, for example Aeroflot. According to the standards of the International Air Transport Association, on regular flights, a passenger can be provided with a special meal KSML (Kosher Meal) - lunch prepared in compliance with the laws of kashrut. All rations must be approved by the leadership of the Federation of Jewish Communities of Russia, the Moscow Jewish Community and personally by the Chief Rabbi of Russia, Mr. Berl Lazar. Each diet comes with a kosher certificate. The packaging must contain seals and marks of compliance with the level of kashrut. For those who keep kosher, lunch on board will be served without pork or meat-dairy combinations.

Which Russian airlines provide kosher food:

Aeroflot - provides kosher meals on board free of charge, the order must be made 36 hours before departure.
S7 - quite difficult to order (at the ticket office or by special phone), kosher meals on board will cost an additional 500 rubles.
Transaero - provides (or provided, since the company is under threat of bankruptcy) kosher food for free.

And if you, for example, fly with El-Al, then all the food on board will be kosher by default.

Kosher food on an airplane has a number of features. For example, such food is usually purchased by the air carrier from special organizations. And the lunch box with kosher food has a special lock that can only be opened by a passenger on board, thereby ensuring that the food is kosher.

Kosher menu in restaurants and hotels

Many Israeli hotels offer kosher food. Be prepared to be served dairy products for breakfast, and for lunch and dinner there will be no milk for coffee or butter to spread on bread (however, soy milk substitutes and spreads are often found). Most large supermarkets only sell kosher products, however, in recent years, more and more non-kosher supermarkets and department stores have been popping up, thanks in part to a huge number non-religious Jews who moved to Israel from the countries of the former USSR.

The situation with restaurants is somewhat more complex: Tel Aviv has fewer kosher restaurants than more religious cities such as Jerusalem. In Jerusalem, on the contrary, kosher cafes and restaurants are much more common. Remember that restaurants that remain open on Shabbat cannot obtain kosher certification, so some restaurants that are not kosher certified may still serve kosher food. So, if in doubt, there is no need to speculate - just ask. If a restaurant is kosher, it means that it will either serve only dairy-based food, or only meat dishes. Restaurants serving dairy products are suitable for vegetarian tourists, but some dishes are likely to contain fish and eggs.

Kosher fast food

For devout Jews and tourists, there are kosher McDonald's restaurants. Please note that most restaurants in this chain are still non-kosher, so check before you place your order. Most Burger King restaurants in Israel are kosher, and the same applies to the Israeli fast food brand Burger Ranch. Also, kosher establishments in Israel include restaurants of the Pizza Hut chain, so be prepared to receive pizza without meat filling. But Domino snack bars are not kosher and therefore the set of fillings in them coincides with the European standard.

There is one pitfall in finding kosher food: there are scammers selling fake kashrut certificates. So if you want to try real kosher food (or your religion prevents you from eating anything else), ask to see a certificate issued by your local rabbinate or a reputable kashrut certification agency. Certificates issued by unknown organizations should never be trusted.

10/07/2014 17:31

There are a total of 365 prohibitions that affect all aspects of Jewish life, and more than half of these prohibitions relate to food. Kashrut, kosher in Yiddish, is a set of laws that regulate the diet of the Jewish people. Kosher is translated as “suitable”, “suitable”.

Yulia Shapko

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Basic principles of kosher nutrition

Kosher food produced from kosher products, strictly in a certain way and only by Jews. The definition of “kosher” food is described in the Torah. All products that do not comply with the concept of “kosher” are prohibited and harmful to human bodily health.

Another important aspect indicated in Kashrut is hygiene. Products must not contain harmful substances , animals must be healthy, dairy and meat products should not only be stored separately, but also consumed separately.

, corresponding to the Torah description:

Meat– beef, lamb, goat meat, venison, elk meat, etc. You can eat the meat of those animals that are artiodactyls and ruminants. Rodents (hares, rabbits, etc.) are not kosher. Animals must be slaughtered in a special way. It is carried out only by a shoykhet (slaughterer) - a specially trained person. To remove all the blood from the meat, it is soaked in water and sprinkled with salt, which absorbs the last drops of blood.

Bird– chickens, ducks, geese, quail, pigeons and turkey meat.
It is forbidden to eat the meat of birds of prey and scavengers.

Eggs Only kosher birds are considered kosher. If both ends of the egg are the same shape (both pointed or round) they are not kosher.

Fish- only the one that contains scales and fins. Red caviar is considered kosher, but black caviar is not included in this list. Eel, catfish, shark, sturgeon are not considered kosher - just like shellfish and crustaceans.

Milk- only from kosher animals. Another important aspect: according to the Torah, different utensils (even different stoves) are used for cooking meat and dairy products, meat and dairy products are stored separately (in different refrigerators) and milk after meat can only be consumed after 6 hours.

Insects. Only four types of desert locusts are allowed to be eaten. Other insects are prohibited. Only honey, a waste product of bees, is an exception and is considered kosher. It is precisely because of the ban on all types of insects that housewives check cereals, herbs and vegetables very carefully.

In a relationship alcohol The instructions of the Torah are very strict: wine is made only by Jews, grapes are collected at a certain time in vineyards at least 4 years old, outsiders should not see the production process - only such wine is considered kosher.

Remember, kosher eating is not a new fad diet or cooking trend. True kosher nutrition is full compliance with religious canons, not only in food, but also in the spiritual world.

Is kosher nutrition healthy?

Now products with the distinctive kosher mark have begun to appear in stores.

It cannot be said with confidence that a kosher diet is completely balanced and healthy. But the fact that kosher products are healthier and safer is an irrefutable fact.

These products do not contain dyes, stabilizers, synthetic additives, GMOs, medicines, processed and packaged in a sterile environment, and these are the main indicators of quality and usefulness for the human body.

That is why today representatives of other religious faiths have often begun to choose kosher products.

Religion is not only the observance of certain traditions, but also dietary rules. Kosher food is a term taken from Judaism and is commonly consumed by Jews, but in Lately it began to appear in stores in many countries.

What does kosher food mean?

Kosher food is food prepared according to the laws of kashrut, which, in turn, is included in the list of rules of Halakha.

According to this code, dishes must be prepared in accordance with certain customs, and control over their preparation is carried out by Jewish organizations, which put their seal on the packaging.

What is kosher food

In general, kosher foods are divided into three groups:

"basar" - meat products;
“parve” - neutral;
“freebie” - dairy.

The very concept of “kosher” means that such food is healthy and suitable for consumption, which is why foods consumed by Jews can now very often be found on store shelves.

Kosher food: benefit or harm

Is kosher food healthy? Of course, it only has a positive effect on health, because it does not contain dyes, preservatives, stabilizers, GMOs or various drugs, and the packaging in which the products are stored is absolutely sterile.

As for the harm from Jewish kosher food, it was once stated by experts from the USA who compared such food with regular food. They managed to find out that the bird, cooked in the usual way, contains less harmful bacteria than those made kosher.

Kosher food: how to prepare meals

According to kashrut, you cannot mix milk and meat in one meal: the time interval between their consumption must be at least five hours. In addition, separate requirements are imposed on the method of slaughtering animals: this should only be done by a specially trained person, and before meat products falls into the hands of the cook, the blood is pumped out of it by soaking.

It is strictly forbidden to consume meat from sick animals, and dairy and meat foods are prepared not only in different dishes, but also indoors. This is why Jewish families have two kitchens, but if this is not possible, you can cook on two stoves.

What food is considered kosher^

Kosher food: food list

To eat kosher, you need to know what foods are customary to eat in accordance with kashrut:

Meat: This includes beef, goat meat, as well as moose, giraffe, gazelle and sheep - i.e. animals that have cloven hooves and eat plant foods. Of those who do not have cloven hooves, hyraxes, camels and rabbits are allowed, and of non-herbivores, pork is allowed. The most important thing about such products is the absence of blood: according to Jews, those who ingest it can become aggressive and cruel. Eggs containing blood clots are also prohibited;
Bird: Owl, eagle, pelicans and hawks are prohibited because You can only eat homemade food: geese, ducks, chickens. The only exceptions are pigeons;
Eggs: they must have a special shape - be sharp at one end and rounded at the other. If both their ends are blunted, they cannot be eaten, because... it is likely that they belong to carrion-eating birds of prey;
Fish: It must have fins and scales. All seafood (octopus, shrimp, worms, etc.) is completely prohibited, because... they have neither one nor the other;
Milk only that which was obtained from kosher animals is allowed, otherwise it cannot be consumed;
Vegetables and fruits: There are no restrictions here, unless they are wormy or have come into contact with non-kosher products.

Kosher food: what to eat is kosher, halal and delicious

Non-kosher food: what is not kosher to eat

Kosher food: recipes

Recipe for herring mincemeat:

Divide the herring into fillets, soak it in milk for 40 minutes, then take it out and chop it;
Peel and remove seeds from the apple, grate it;
Boil eggs, three on a grater;
Finely chop the onion, grind the boiled potatoes in their jackets;
Mix everything, chop with a knife until it reaches a creamy consistency;
Add melted butter to the mixture and pepper;
Serve chilled.

Shakshuka recipe:

Cut a couple of sweet peppers into cubes, peel the tomatoes;
Fry in olive oil chopped in a frying pan onion, then add pepper and fry for 3 minutes, stirring occasionally;
Crush the garlic in a garlic press, mix with cumin, turmeric and chopped small pieces hot pepper, place everything in the pan for one minute;
Add tomatoes there, fry for 3 minutes;
Use a spoon to make a small hole in the vegetables and crack the eggs into it;
Salt and pepper, cook until the protein is cooked;
Before serving, sprinkle with herbs.

Charlotte recipe:

Peel the apples and cut them into cubes;
Whisk raw proteins with a mixer, pouring sugar in small portions at the same time;
Add the yolks, melted margarine and vanillin, add flour, salt and baking powder;
Grease the mold with oil, pour a layer of dough into it, place apples on top and add the remaining mixture;
Place on the surface apple slices, grease with oil and sprinkle with cinnamon;
Bake for half an hour in the oven at 200 degrees.

Is kosher cuisine healthy: doctors' opinion ^

According to doctors, meals prepared kosher have great importance only from a religious point of view, however, in medicine in general such products are not treated so categorically, arguing that the method of preparation and the ingredients themselves can affect health.

In the past, Jews faced many culinary challenges when traveling and flying, but now kosher food on airplanes is not uncommon, and some airlines provide it, so it is possible to comply with religious traditions and rules, even when you are far from home and unable to cook your own food.

Eastern horoscope for April 2019

Kashrut is a system of ritual rules that determine whether something meets the requirements of Halacha, Jewish Law. The laws of kashrut are based on the commandments of the Torah, as well as additional rules established by Jewish religious authorities, mainly in the Mishnah and Gemara, which together form the Talmud (Oral Torah).

Usually the term " kashrut"is used in relation to a set of religious regulations related to food, but it is also used in other aspects of traditional life - from legal (for example, the competence of witnesses) to everyday (choice of fabric) and ritual (tefillin, tzitzit).

Kashrut food

Kosher laws vary slightly among different Jewish communities. The greatest differences exist in the observance of Easter prohibitions. The rules of kashrut vary among different movements within Judaism, for example, for especially believers there are especially strict rules, the so-called glat kosher(Yiddish גלאַט כּשר - “simply/strictly kosher”).

Kosher meat

Animals that live on land

Only meat from animals that are simultaneously ruminants (strictly herbivorous) and artiodactyls (having cloven hooves). These are herbivores such as cows, sheep and goats, as well as: moose, gazelles, mountain goats, giraffes, etc.

The Torah lists four types of animals that have only one of the two characteristics of kosher. These are pig, camel, hyrax and hare. These animals are prohibited for food. Thus, pork is not kosher because the pig does not chew the cud, not because the pig is dirtier than other animals.

Birds

The Torah does not specify any characteristics for kosher birds. She simply rattles off a list of club birds. Among them are such as eagle, owl, pelican. Since today it is not possible to accurately identify all the bird birds listed in the Torah, only poultry that is traditionally kosher is eaten. These are chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys and pigeons.

Bird eggs must have different ends: one is sharper, the other is more rounded. The eggs of those bird species that have the same ends: either both sharp or both blunt, cannot be eaten (usually such birds are predatory or scavengers). Since blood is strictly prohibited for consumption, eggs that contain a blood clot are non-kosher.

Biblical animals whose names are unknown

The meaning of the names of some animals mentioned in the Pentateuch in connection with kashrut has not been precisely established by researchers. Among them: " anaka» , « letaa» , « homet», « tinshemet» , « hargol» , « hagav» , « solam».

Slaughter of livestock and poultry ( shechita) and koshering of meat

The laws of kashrut also apply to the process of slaughtering an animal. For meat to be completely kosher, it must meet several requirements:

There are also special laws for the ritual preparation of a knife with which an animal will be slaughtered - how to sharpen the knife, check that there is not the slightest chip on it, etc.; laws on where and how to cut (only with one movement and only the throat in the area of the carotid artery). Meat from properly slaughtered animals whose health has been irreparably damaged is not kosher.

The Torah prohibits eating blood. That's why the meat is soaked in water room temperature, and then placed on a special pickling board and sprinkled coarse salt. Salt absorbs blood. After this, the meat is thoroughly washed.

Sho(y)het usually studies for many years in a yeshiva to gain a general knowledge of Jewish law. Then he undergoes a special course for carvers, lasting about a year and ending with an exam. Only after this does he receive the right to do shechita. The laws on shechita and testing an animal carcass for kosher are very numerous and complex, so only a person who has thoroughly studied them and received the appropriate diploma has the right to practice this craft.

A specialist who inspects the carcass of an animal intended for food is called mashgiach(Hebrew: משגיח‎, overseer). The mashgiach examines the carcass to determine whether there are signs of disease that would qualify the meat as treph. There are other professions related to kashrut, for example menaker(Hebrew מנקר‎) - a person who cleanses back carcasses from veins prohibited for consumption.

Kosher fish

"Fish" in in this case is an expanded concept that includes not only fish themselves, but also other animals living in the water. Fish, according to the laws of kashrut, is not meat, and therefore the rules regarding meat products do not apply to it. Fish is “parve” (from Yiddish פּאַרעװע, “neither milk nor meat,” “neutral”), that is, it can be eaten with both meat and dairy products. However, there is a tradition not to eat fish with meat.

Kosher fish, according to the definition of kashrut, have two mandatory characteristics: they have scales and fins. Kosher scales are not permanently attached to the body of the fish and can be easily separated if you run your fingernail over the fish. If there is doubt about the presence of fins or scales in a fish, there are auxiliary signs: kosher fish has gills, a backbone, and must spawn.

Honey production begins the moment a worker bee leaves the hive to collect nectar or pollen. The bee collects nectar in a bag located on its body and brings it to the hive. In the hive, nectar is passed from one bee to another, chewed and spat out several times. This way it is formed thick syrup, which contains large quantity protein and very little moisture. The worker bee pours the syrup into the cell of the honeycomb and then blows it with her wings. This makes the syrup even thicker. This is how honey is made.

Thus, despite the fact that from a strictly scientific point of view, nectar undergoes enzymatic biotransformation by secretions secreted in the crop of the honey bee, from the point of view of kashrut, honey is flower juice processed by the bee and is therefore considered a product of plant rather than animal origin.

Kosher drinks

Some varieties of vodka are trephine because they contain dairy additives (for example, Posolskaya vodka).

Easter kashrut

For products in factory packaging, in addition to the kashrut stamp, there must be a special stamp “ Kasher LePesach"("Kosher for Passover").

Chametz

On Pesach you cannot not only use, but also possess leaven (chametz).

Examples of kvass:

Any grains such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, or spelt that have come into contact with water or other liquids should be considered chametz because they may begin to ferment.
- Flour products: flour noodles, vermicelli, oatmeal, bread, cake, cookies, pastries, matzo and matzo dishes not prepared specifically for Passover.
- Cereal products: cornflakes, air wheat grains, crushed wheat, etc.
Malt products: all malt and yeast products, vegetable extracts, mustard and other seasonings.
Drinks: beer, whiskey and others alcoholic drinks, malt vinegar and pickled products containing malt vinegar, fruit essences, glucose.

The rules regarding leaven may vary among different Jewish communities. Thus, Ashkenazim prohibit the food and consumption of the so-called. kitniyot: products containing legumes, rice, and similar products such as peanuts, etc. There are different customs regarding different vegetable oils, such as soybean oil and corn oil.

Opinions on the meaning of kashrut

The benefits of kosher food

According to this opinion, the Creator, who created the world, gave humanity a Law in accordance with which to live. He knows better than anyone what is good and beneficial for a person’s spiritual well-being. Just as if a doctor gives a patient certain medicines or prescribes a diet, the patient will follow the doctor's instructions without even understanding their meaning. The patient understands that the doctor knows better what kind of treatment is needed, and takes the prescribed medications, even if he has no idea how exactly they work.

Striving for Holiness

According to this view, the purpose of the laws of kashrut is to instill qualities such as self-discipline and self-restraint, and to elevate the act of eating from an animal level to a highly organized and conscious one.

Thus, the laws of kashrut are part of the system of commandments of the Torah, by following which a person learns to control his desires and passions and, thereby, grows spiritually.

Preservation of national self-identification

Many kashrut laws are intended to limit contact with non-Jews. For example, many types of food are considered treasury only because they were prepared by non-Jews. Grape wine food prepared by non-Jews is also prohibited.

These “inconvenient” laws serve as a barrier, a barrier to contacts that could ultimately lead to marriage with a non-Jew, which is a serious violation of the Torah. Kashrut also brings Jews together wherever they are. When a kosher-observant Jew travels to another city or country, he will look for a rabbi and a community where he can get kosher food. And in the synagogue, the Jew meets even more new friends who share his views and moral values. Thus, a Jew who observes the laws of kashrut will never find himself alone in any city in the world where Jews live.

When someone in a non-kosher restaurant orders beef steak instead of pork chops, trying to keep kosher, I no longer laugh at him. This person's choice may indicate an attempt to give up non-kosher pork... If he refuses butter and does not dilute his coffee with milk after meat, I respect this man even more, because he obviously remembers the commandment of Kashrut “DO NOT BOIL A CALF IN THE MOTHER’S MILK”... And if he generally prefers fish to meat, I see in him a man who is seriously trying to live according to God's commandments

R. Zalman Schachter, “The State of the Jewish Faith”

Moral values

According to this approach, the purpose of kashrut laws is to

reduce to a minimum the number of animals that can be killed;
kill animals in the most painless way;
to cultivate an aversion to shedding blood.

Cruelty to animals is expressly prohibited by the Torah. Hunting and killing animals for entertainment is prohibited. Animals can only be killed for food, medical research, etc. Shekhita(slaughter of livestock according to the Torah) is one of the most humane methods of killing an animal. According to kashrut laws, any injured animal is no longer kosher. Therefore, animals should be killed quickly - with one blow, in order to reduce pain to a minimum. The tools used by the carver (knife, ax) must be sharp. The animal loses consciousness in a split second.

The Torah also prohibits eating blood. This explains the special laws of slaughtering livestock, soaking and salting meat, ensuring the removal of blood. Thus the Torah teaches not to be cruel.

It is surprising that none of the Israelis’ neighbors shares their absolute ban on drinking blood. Blood is looked at as a food product... Blood is a symbol of life. According to the laws of Judaism, a person has the right to maintain his life by eating only minimum quantity living matter... Man has no right to encroach on “life” itself. Therefore, blood - life - must be symbolically "returned to God" - the meat must be bled before cooking.

Jacob Milgrom, professor at the University of Berkeley

Objectivity and brands of kashrut

The product packaging may have several seals from authorities that verify kosher. This is done to cater to all market segments.

From all of the above, it follows that kashrut is a hermeneutic set of subjective judgments, and it cannot be confirmed by objective laboratory research. Therefore, many religious people do not rely on kashrut licenses from government agencies such as the Chief Rabbinate in Israel or the New York State Board of Kosher, or large organizations such as the Orthodox Union, but prefer licensing from a rabbi they know or is revered in their community.

Since the 1950s there has been a generally accepted international trademark kosher food products- letter "TO" in a circle - confirming the kosher nature of the product. The packaging may have several seals and branding marks. This means that manufacturers took care to obtain a kashrut license from various authorities in order to satisfy all possible market segments. In Israel in 1977, everyone largest networks supermarkets have removed non-kosher products from their shelves. In the Israel Defense Forces, only kosher food is required.

Kosher Market

Nowadays, the kosher food market has become a huge business. In the USA alone, the annual market turnover is different estimates from 50 to 150 billion dollars. According to Food Industry News magazine, the market for kosher products is actively expanding, winning large segments of non-Jewish consumers.

According to Kosher Today magazine, among the 11 million Americans who choose kosher foods, only one million are Jewish. Kosher products are consumed not only by devout Jews, but also by other categories of consumers: vegetarians, Seventh-day Adventists, Muslims, people with allergies to lactose or gluten, and many other categories of consumers.

Volume Russian market of kosher products is about $5 million (as of July 2006). In addition to stores traditionally operating at synagogues, in 2002, Kosher LLC opened the first and so far only kosher food supermarket in Moscow on Trifonovskaya Street.

KOSHER FOOD
food that meets the requirements of kashrut - Jewish laws regarding the consumption of food ("kashrut" means suitability for consumption). The basic instructions regarding kashrut are given in the Pentateuch. More detailed rabbinic instructions are included in Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, Yosef Karo's Shulchan Aruch, and several other codes of law.
Principles of kashrut. Only those four-legged animals that are ruminants and have cloven hooves can be eaten (a pig, for example, is excluded from the diet, since it is not a ruminant animal). Only fish with scales and fins are allowed for consumption; shellfish and crustaceans are prohibited. Birds prohibited for consumption are listed by name in the Bible. Milk, eggs, caviar of non-kosher animals, birds and fish are also prohibited, as is any dish that contains non-kosher food during the preparation process. There are rules for eating permitted types of food. Animals used for food (four-legged animals and birds) must be slaughtered in accordance with ritual instructions by a specially trained “slaughterer,” “shohet.” To remove blood, the meat is soaked, salted and washed with water. Meat and meat products cannot be eaten together with milk or dairy products; it is not even allowed to cook meat in containers made from dairy products. During the celebration of the Jewish Passover (Passover), all leavened foods (obtained as a result of fermentation) are prohibited, which implies additional restrictions in food preparation. Kosher observance in Jewish communities is usually controlled by a special “kosher council”, which approves the slaughterers and monitors their work, issues licenses to butcher shops allowing them to sell kosher meat, and sends inspectors to supervise the sale of meat. In Europe, kashrut laws have often drawn attacks from anti-Semitic groups. At the end of the 19th century. A movement arose to ban shekhita (the traditional Jewish method of slaughtering animals). Some countries have passed laws banning shechita, declaring this method of slaughter inhumane.

Collier's Encyclopedia. - Open Society. 2000 .

See what “KOSHER FOOD” is in other dictionaries:

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Kashrut (Hebrew כַּשְׁרוּת‎, in Ashkenazi pronunciation “kashrus”) is a term in Judaism meaning the permissibility or suitability of something from the point of view of Halakha. In Russian, the adjective “kosher” is derived from “kosher” of the Ashkenazi version... ... Wikipedia

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- (Hebrew כַּשְׁרוּת‎, in Ashkenazi pronunciation “kashrus”) a term in Judaism meaning the permissibility or suitability of something from the point of view of Halakha. In Russian, the adjective “kosher” is derived from “kosher” of the Ashkenazi version ... Wikipedia

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